Osetinsky L Mariel, Hamilton Grant S, Carlson Matthew L
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Clin Sports Med. 2017 Apr;36(2):315-335. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2016.11.005.
In cases of head trauma, the ear should be evaluated in all of its components. A good understanding of otologic and skull base anatomy enables a thorough trauma assessment of this complex anatomic region. Auricular laceration, abrasion, avulsion, hematoma, frostbite, otitis externa, exostosis, tympanic membrane perforation, ossicular discontinuity, perilymphatic fistula, labyrinthine concussion, temporal bone fracture, facial nerve paresis, and sensorineural hearing loss are a few of the more common otologic injuries seen in active patients. Prevention of otologic trauma by wearing protective equipment during activity is the best way of maintaining the long-term health of the ear and audiovestibular function.
在头部外伤的病例中，应对耳部的所有组成部分进行评估。充分了解耳科和颅底解剖结构有助于对这个复杂解剖区域进行全面的创伤评估。耳廓撕裂伤、擦伤、撕脱伤、血肿、冻伤、外耳道炎、外生骨疣、鼓膜穿孔、听骨链中断、外淋巴瘘、迷路震荡、颞骨骨折、面神经麻痹和感音神经性听力损失是活跃患者中较常见的一些耳科损伤。在活动期间佩戴防护设备以预防耳科创伤是维持耳部长期健康和听觉前庭功能的最佳方法。
