Toghyani R, Sharafi Shorabi F, Sharafi Shorabi H, Ghahraman Tabrizi S H
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Med Life. 2015;8(Spec Iss 4):169-173.
Less than five years old child is gold time for a child for acquiring excellent skills such as perception, interaction, speech, etc., and therefore, the development of screening in this age to identify developmental problems in children early and provide treatment. To this order, the study intended to assess the development of children with a questionnaire ASQ in kids below five 5 year old in rural areas in Isfahan in 2012-2013. A descriptive study was conducted on 1900 children under five years old, by separating year, one to two years, and 2 to 5 years in rural areas of Isfahan. The research sample included all children less than five years old were visited health coverage for care. Exclusion criteria for selecting children less than five years was birth defects, such as heart disease, kidney disease. The sampling method was an interview with the mother standardized questionnaire the World Health Organization and the Ministry were used to collect data by in the field of evolutionary 5 (Gross and fine motor, issue solving and interaction, personalization and social). There are six questions in per area, and if yes score 10 and sometimes score 5 and if it still does not do the activity score is zero. The questionnaire delivered to the mother and then returned to where it was necessary to complete the application in question and data was analyzed SPSS21. Findings indicated that the average age of moms via a mean age of 5.5 ± 28.8 of children 1.4 ± 22 months. 95% of mothers were homemakers, and 33.1 percent had primary education. Regarding the evolution of the most challenging year in the development of gross motor 4.5 and then the solution was 3.7. In group most difficult one to two years of growth in gross motor and fine to the amount of 4.5 to 3.7 after the problem was and in 2 to 5 years in most areas of fine motor problem solving with 7.2 and then 2.8, respectively. According to the findings shown first on gross motor developmental problems at an early age is the greatest and whatever increasing age of the more advanced developmental problems such as fine motor goes. On the other hand, problem solving in children less than one year of age accounted for the highest frequency, which indicates that both service providers and parents In the field of education are not necessary. It should consider the policy of this country and as mothers walking, talking, etc. to teach children skills such as problem solving in the field of education to teach children.
五岁以下儿童是孩子获得感知、互动、语言等优秀技能的黄金时期，因此，开展这个年龄段的筛查以尽早发现儿童发育问题并提供治疗。为此，本研究旨在通过《年龄与发育进程问卷》（ASQ）评估2012 - 2013年伊斯法罕农村地区五岁以下儿童的发育情况。对伊斯法罕农村地区1900名五岁以下儿童进行了一项描述性研究，按年龄分为一岁至两岁以及两岁至五岁。研究样本包括所有接受医疗保健服务的五岁以下儿童。选择五岁以下儿童的排除标准是出生缺陷，如心脏病、肾病。抽样方法是通过对母亲进行访谈，使用世界卫生组织和卫生部的标准化问卷在五个发育领域（大运动和精细运动、问题解决与互动、个人化与社交）收集数据。每个领域有六个问题，如果回答“是”得10分，“有时”得5分，如果仍未进行该活动则得0分。问卷交给母亲，然后在需要时返回以完成相关问题，数据用SPSS21进行分析。结果表明，母亲的平均年龄为5.5±28.8岁，孩子的平均年龄为1.4±22个月。95%的母亲是家庭主妇，33.1%的母亲接受过小学教育。关于发育情况，大运动发育最具挑战性的年份是4.5岁，然后是问题解决方面为3.7岁。在一岁至两岁组中，大运动和精细运动发育最困难，数量分别为4.5和3.7，之后是问题解决方面；在两岁至五岁组中，大多数精细运动和问题解决领域的得分分别为7.2和2.8。根据研究结果显示，早期大运动发育问题最为突出，随着年龄增长，精细运动等发育问题会更加明显。另一方面，一岁以下儿童的问题解决频率最高，这表明服务提供者和家长在教育领域都做得不够。应该考虑该国的政策，比如母亲要通过走路、说话等方式向孩子传授问题解决等教育领域的技能。
