乌干达年轻女性避孕措施使用率低：生育史和生育年龄有影响吗？对2011年人口与健康调查的分析
Low Contraceptive Use among Young Females in Uganda: Does Birth History and Age at Birth have an Influence? Analysis of 2011 Demographic and Health Survey.
作者信息
Kabagenyi Allen, Habaasa Gilbert, Rutaremwa Gideon
机构信息
Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), Social Development Policy Division, P.O. Box 3001 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
J Contracept Stud. 2016 Jan 26;1(1).
BACKGROUND
Globally adolescent fertility has been associated with increased risk to maternal and child health morbidity and mortality. The low use of contraception has been associated with high fertility levels, which is remains a public health concern that efforts have been raised to avert this. We examine the influence history of a previous birth and age at first birth would have on young women's use of contraception.
METHODS
Using the 2011 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey data, we examine the predictors of contraceptive use on a sample of 3692 young females in Uganda. While controlling for education and age of respondents, logistic regression analyses were run to provide the net effect of the examined predictors on contraceptive use. The study variables included age of respondents, marital status, age at first birth, births in past five years, socioeconomic status, residence, region, education level, religion, occupation and whether the last child was wanted.
RESULTS
The findings show that only 12% of the adolescents were using contraception at the time of the survey. The key predictors of contraceptive use among young women in Uganda were age at first birth, history of previous birth, current age, and place of residence, education and socioeconomic status. Respondents who had a birth in the 5 years prior to the survey had five times (OR = 5.0, 95% CI = 3.7-6.5) the odds of contraceptive use compared to those who had never had a birth. Further, adolescent females with at least a secondary education were more likely to use contraceptives (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.2-2.0) than those with primary education. The odds of contraceptive use were least among adolescents from Northern region (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.2-0.6) compared to those from central region of Uganda. Muslim adolescent females were more likely to use contraceptives compared to Catholics (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.1-2.3).
CONCLUSION
There is great need to address issues that hinder young people from using contraception. Use of contraception and improving access to the services is highly recommended to avert some of the unplanned births among these females.
背景
在全球范围内，青少年生育与孕产妇和儿童健康发病及死亡风险增加相关。避孕措施使用率低与高生育率相关，这仍是一个公共卫生问题，人们已在努力避免这种情况。我们研究先前生育史和初育年龄对年轻女性避孕措施使用的影响。
方法
利用2011年乌干达人口与健康调查数据，我们对乌干达3692名年轻女性样本的避孕措施使用预测因素进行了研究。在控制受访者的教育程度和年龄的同时，进行逻辑回归分析以提供所研究预测因素对避孕措施使用的净效应。研究变量包括受访者年龄、婚姻状况、初育年龄、过去五年内的生育情况、社会经济地位、居住地、地区、教育水平、宗教、职业以及最后一个孩子是否是计划内生育。
结果
研究结果显示，调查时只有12%的青少年在使用避孕措施。乌干达年轻女性避孕措施使用的关键预测因素是初育年龄、先前生育史、当前年龄、居住地、教育程度和社会经济地位。在调查前5年内生育过的受访者使用避孕措施的几率是从未生育过的受访者的5倍（比值比=5.0，95%置信区间=3.7 - 6.5）。此外，至少接受过中等教育的青少年女性比接受小学教育的女性更有可能使用避孕措施（比值比=1.55，95%置信区间=1.2 - 2.0）。与乌干达中部地区的青少年相比，北部地区的青少年使用避孕措施的几率最低（比值比=0.39，95%置信区间=0.2 - 0.6）。与天主教青少年女性相比，穆斯林青少年女性更有可能使用避孕措施（比值比=1.59，95%置信区间=1.1 - 2.3）。
结论
非常有必要解决阻碍年轻人使用避孕措施的问题。强烈建议使用避孕措施并改善获得相关服务的机会，以避免这些女性中的一些意外生育。
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