Olusola B A, Gometi E A, Ogunsemowo O, Olaleye D O, Odaibo G N
a Department of Virology, College of Medicine , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2017;38(3):322-332. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2016.1260585. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem for over two billion people infected globally. Occupationally exposed persons are at high risk of HBV infection and, apart from medical personnel, there is dearth of information concerning the prevalence and awareness of HBV among this population in Nigeria. This study was designed to determine the levels of HBV awareness and prevalence of HBV infection among hairdressers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Hairdressers and teachers (unmatched controls) in four local government areas in Ibadan were tested for HBV infection using ELISA technique. Dried blood spot (DBS) samples were collected from 171 participants. DBS elutes from the samples were tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). The rate of HBV infection was higher (p = 0.005) among the hairdressers (13.0%) than teachers (4.8%). However, teachers were better informed about HBV (38%) compared to hairdressers (13%; p = 0.0001). Differences in HBV awareness and occupation type were found to be significant (P = 0.001). Hairdressers are at high risk of HBV infection and may constitute a major source of HBV spread among urban dwellers, especially in areas where awareness is low. Routine HBV screening and appropriate interventions for hairdressers are recommended to interrupt HBV transmission.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是一个重大的公共卫生问题，全球有超过20亿人受到感染。职业暴露人群感染HBV的风险很高，除了医务人员外，在尼日利亚这一人群中，关于HBV流行率和知晓情况的信息匮乏。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚伊巴丹美发师中HBV知晓水平和HBV感染流行率。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术对伊巴丹四个地方政府辖区的美发师和教师（非配对对照）进行HBV感染检测。从171名参与者中采集干血斑（DBS）样本。对样本的DBS洗脱液进行HBV表面抗原（HBsAg）检测。美发师中的HBV感染率（13.0%）高于教师（4.8%）（p = 0.005）。然而，与美发师（13%）相比，教师对HBV的了解程度更高（38%；p = 0.0001）。发现HBV知晓情况和职业类型之间存在显著差异（P = 0.001）。美发师感染HBV的风险很高，可能是城市居民中HBV传播的主要来源，尤其是在知晓率较低的地区。建议对美发师进行常规HBV筛查并采取适当干预措施，以阻断HBV传播。
