Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, 560-0043, Japan.
Rep Prog Phys. 2017 Sep;80(9):096901. doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa67bb. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
In a single process, the merger of binary neutron star systems combines extreme gravity, the copious emission of gravitational waves, complex microphysics and electromagnetic processes, which can lead to astrophysical signatures observable at the largest redshifts. We review here the recent progress in understanding what could be considered Einstein's richest laboratory, highlighting in particular the numerous significant advances of the last decade. Although special attention is paid to the status of models, techniques and results for fully general-relativistic dynamical simulations, a review is also offered on the initial data and advanced simulations with approximate treatments of gravity. Finally, we review the considerable amount of work carried out on the post-merger phase, including black-hole formation, torus accretion onto the merged compact object, the connection with gamma-ray burst engines, ejected material, and its nucleosynthesis.
在一个单一的过程中，双中子星系统的合并结合了极端引力、大量引力波的发射、复杂的微观物理和电磁过程，这些过程可能导致在最大红移处可观测到的天体物理特征。在这里，我们回顾了最近在理解被认为是爱因斯坦最丰富的实验室方面的进展，特别强调了过去十年的许多重大进展。虽然特别关注完全相对论动力学模拟的模型、技术和结果的状态，但也提供了关于初始数据和具有引力近似处理的高级模拟的综述。最后，我们回顾了在合并后阶段进行的大量工作，包括黑洞形成、合并紧凑物体上的吸积盘、与伽马射线暴引擎的连接、喷射物质及其核合成。
