Randall Richard E, Griffin Diane E
School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, UK.
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2017 Apr;23:35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.03.001. Epub 2017 Mar 17.
In a prototypical response to an acute viral infection it would be expected that the adaptive immune response would eliminate all virally infected cells within a few weeks of infection. However many (non-retrovirus) RNA viruses can establish 'within host' persistent infections that occasionally lead to chronic or reactivated disease. Despite the importance of 'within host' persistent RNA virus infections, much has still to be learnt about the molecular mechanisms by which RNA viruses establish persistent infections, why innate and adaptive immune responses fail to rapidly clear these infections, and the epidemiological and potential disease consequences of such infections.
在对急性病毒感染的典型反应中，可以预期适应性免疫反应会在感染后的几周内清除所有被病毒感染的细胞。然而，许多（非逆转录病毒）RNA病毒能够建立“宿主内”持续性感染，这种感染偶尔会导致慢性或复发性疾病。尽管“宿主内”持续性RNA病毒感染很重要，但关于RNA病毒建立持续性感染的分子机制、先天免疫和适应性免疫反应未能迅速清除这些感染的原因以及此类感染的流行病学和潜在疾病后果，仍有许多有待了解。
