Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Adv Mater. 2017 Jun;29(21). doi: 10.1002/adma.201604506. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
For decades, borides have been primarily studied as crystallographic oddities. With such a wide variety of structures (a quick survey of the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database counts 1253 entries for binary boron compounds!), it is surprising that the applications of borides have been quite limited despite a great deal of fundamental research. If anything, the rich crystal chemistry found in borides could well provide the right tool for almost any application. The interplay between metals and the boron results in even more varied material's properties, many of which can be tuned via chemistry. Thus, the aim of this review is to reintroduce to the scientific community the developments in boride crystal chemistry over the past 60 years. We tie structures to material properties, and furthermore, elaborate on convenient synthetic routes toward preparing borides.
几十年来，硼化物主要作为晶体学上的奇异物进行研究。具有如此多样的结构（快速浏览一下无机晶体结构数据库，就有 1253 种二元硼化合物的条目！），尽管进行了大量的基础研究，但硼化物的应用却相当有限，这令人惊讶。如果有的话，硼化物中发现的丰富晶体化学很可能为几乎任何应用提供合适的工具。金属和硼之间的相互作用导致了更多变化的材料性质，其中许多性质可以通过化学方法进行调节。因此，本综述的目的是向科学界重新介绍过去 60 年来硼化物晶体化学的发展。我们将结构与材料性能联系起来，并进一步详细阐述了制备硼化物的方便合成途径。
