Marevic Ivan, Arnold Nina R, Rummel Jan
1 Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
2 Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2018 May;71(5):1070-1080. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2017.1310270. Epub 2018 Jan 1.
Intentional forgetting of information that has recently been encoded is regarded an active and adaptive process and is widely studied using the item-method or the list-method directed forgetting (DF) paradigm. In the present research, we tested whether inter-individual differences in working-memory capacity (WMC), that have been identified as a relevant predictor of DF within the list method, are also related to stronger DF effects within the item method. Furthermore, we investigated relationships between WMC and item-method DF at different processing stages by applying the multinomial storage-retrieval model hierarchically to our data. Results showed that individuals with high WMC are better able to store to-be-remembered information than individuals with low WMC, whereas WMC was not related to retrieval of to-be-remembered information or to either storage or retrieval of to-be-forgotten information. Implications for theoretical accounts of item-method DF are discussed.
故意遗忘最近编码的信息被视为一个主动且适应性的过程，并且广泛使用项目法或列表法指向性遗忘（DF）范式进行研究。在本研究中，我们测试了工作记忆容量（WMC）的个体差异（已被确定为列表法中DF的一个相关预测因子）是否也与项目法中更强的DF效应相关。此外，我们通过将多项式存储-检索模型分层应用于我们的数据，研究了不同处理阶段WMC与项目法DF之间的关系。结果表明，高WMC个体比低WMC个体更能存储要记住的信息，而WMC与要记住信息的检索或要遗忘信息的存储及检索均无关。本文讨论了对项目法DF理论解释的启示。
