School of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 28;14(1):e0211280. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211280. eCollection 2019.
A large body of research has shown that self-referential processing can enhance an individual's memory of information. However, there are many arguments about how self-referential processing affects directed forgetting (DF). In this study, two experiments were designed to investigate the DF effect and its internal psychological mechanism under explicit and implicit referential conditions using the item-method DF paradigm combined with the storage-retrieval MPT model. We compare the difference in the DF effect between self-referential and other-referential conditions and explain the reasons for the difference. Our results suggest that the item-method DF effect is the result of a selective rehearsal mechanism and a retrieval inhibition mechanism working together. Both self-reference and other-reference can cause DF in explicit referential processing or implicit referential processing, although the DF effect is stronger under the self-referential condition. Furthermore, the memory advantage effect of implicit self-referential processing is stronger than that of explicit self-referential processing.
大量研究表明，自我参照处理可以增强个体对信息的记忆。然而，关于自我参照处理如何影响定向遗忘（DF），存在许多争议。在这项研究中，我们设计了两个实验，使用项目方法 DF 范式结合存储-提取 MPT 模型，在明确和隐含参照条件下，研究了 DF 效应及其内在心理机制。我们比较了自我参照和他人参照条件下 DF 效应的差异，并解释了差异的原因。我们的结果表明，项目方法 DF 效应是选择性复述机制和提取抑制机制共同作用的结果。自我参照和他人参照都可以在明确的参照处理或隐含的参照处理中引起 DF，尽管自我参照条件下的 DF 效应更强。此外，隐含自我参照处理的记忆优势效应强于明确自我参照处理。
