Svantesson Jan-Olof
Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci. 2017 Sep;8(5). doi: 10.1002/wcs.1441. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
The question whether there is a natural connection between sound and meaning or if they are related only by convention has been debated since antiquity. In linguistics, it is usually taken for granted that 'the linguistic sign is arbitrary,' and exceptions like onomatopoeia have been regarded as marginal phenomena. However, it is becoming more and more clear that motivated relations between sound and meaning are more common and important than has been thought. There is now a large and rapidly growing literature on subjects as ideophones (or expressives), words that describe how a speaker perceives a situation with the senses, and phonaesthemes, units like English gl-, which occur in many words that share a meaning component (in this case 'light': gleam, glitter, etc.). Furthermore, psychological experiments have shown that sound symbolism in one language can be understood by speakers of other languages, suggesting that some kinds of sound symbolism are universal. WIREs Cogn Sci 2017, 8:e1441. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1441 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
声音与意义之间是否存在自然联系，或者它们仅仅是通过约定俗成而相关联，这个问题自古以来就一直存在争议。在语言学中，通常认为“语言符号是任意的”，像拟声词这样的例外情况一直被视为边缘现象。然而，越来越明显的是，声音与意义之间的理据关系比人们以前认为的更为普遍和重要。现在有大量且迅速增长的文献涉及象声词（或表情词），即描述说话者如何通过感官感知一种情境的词，以及音义联觉，比如英语中的gl-这样的单位，它出现在许多具有共同意义成分的单词中（在这种情况下是“光”：gleam、glitter等）。此外，心理实验表明，一种语言中的语音象征能够被其他语言的使用者理解，这表明某些种类的语音象征是普遍存在的。WIREs认知科学2017年，8:e1441。doi:10.1002/wcs.1441 有关本文的更多资源，请访问WIREs网站。
