Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel.
McMaster Health Forum, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Gerontologist. 2017 Nov 10;57(6):e85-e94. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnw165.
Adult day centers (ADCs) offer a heterogeneous group of services that provide for the daily living, care, nutritional, and social needs of older adults. We sought to conceptually map and identify key gaps and findings from literature focused on ADCs, including the types of programs that exist and their associated outcomes on improving health and strengthening health systems.
We conducted a scoping review by searching 5 databases for studies evaluating the outcomes of ADCs specifically for community-dwelling older adults. Included studies were conceptually mapped according to the methods used, type of outcome(s) assessed, study population, disease focus, service focus, and health system considerations. The mapping was used to derive descriptive analyses to profile the available literature in the area.
ADC use has positive health-related, social, psychological, and behavioral outcomes for care recipients and caregivers. There is a substantial amount of literature available on some ADC use outcomes, such as health-related, satisfaction-related and psychological and behavioral outcomes, while less research exists on issues of accessibility and cost-effectiveness.
As the population ages, policymakers must carefully consider how ADCs can best serve each user and their caregivers with their unique circumstances. ADCs have the potential to help shape health system interventions, especially those targeting caregivers and people requiring long-term care support. Due to the variation among types of ADC programs, future research on ADCs should consider different characteristics of ADC programs to better contextualize their results.
成人日间中心（ADCs）提供了一系列多样化的服务，以满足老年人的日常生活、护理、营养和社交需求。我们旨在对专注于 ADC 的文献进行概念性的映射和识别，以确定其关键差距和发现，包括现有的各种项目以及它们在改善健康和加强卫生系统方面的相关成果。
我们通过搜索 5 个数据库，对专门评估社区居住的老年人使用 ADC 的结果的研究进行了范围性审查。根据使用的方法、评估的结果类型、研究人群、疾病重点、服务重点和卫生系统考虑因素，对纳入的研究进行了概念性映射。映射用于进行描述性分析，以分析该领域现有文献的概况。
ADCs 的使用对护理接受者和护理者有积极的与健康相关的、社会的、心理的和行为上的结果。关于一些 ADC 使用结果的文献相当丰富，例如与健康相关的、满意度相关的以及心理和行为方面的结果，而关于可及性和成本效益的问题的研究则较少。
随着人口老龄化，政策制定者必须仔细考虑 ADC 如何最好地满足每个用户及其护理者的独特情况。ADCs 有可能帮助塑造卫生系统干预措施，特别是针对护理者和需要长期护理支持的人的干预措施。由于 ADC 项目类型的差异，未来关于 ADC 的研究应考虑 ADC 项目的不同特征，以更好地将其结果置于具体背景下。
