Kenney Erica L, Lee Rebekka M, Brooks Carolyn J, Cradock Angie L, Gortmaker Steven L
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017 Jul;117(7):1097-1103. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.01.026. Epub 2017 Mar 17.
More than 14 million children in the United States attend summer camp annually, yet little is known about the food environment in day camps.
Our aim was to describe the nutritional quality of meals served to, brought by, and consumed by children attending summer day camps serving meals and snacks, and to describe camp water access.
We conducted a cross-sectional study.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTINGS: Participants were 149 children attending five summer camps in Boston, MA, in 2013.
Foods and beverages served were observed for 5 consecutive days. For 2 days, children's dietary intake was directly observed using a validated protocol. Outcome measures included total energy (kilocalories) and servings of different types of foods and beverages served and consumed during breakfast, lunch, and snack.
Mean total energy, trans fats, sodium, sugar, and fiber served per meal were calculated across the camps, as were mean weekly frequencies of serving fruits, vegetables, meat/meat alternates, grains, milk, 100% juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, whole grains, red/highly processed meats, grain-based desserts, and salty snacks. Mean consumption was calculated per camper per day.
Camps served a mean (standard deviation) of 647.7 (134.3) kcal for lunch, 401.8 (149.6) kcal for breakfast, and 266.4 (150.8) kcal for snack. Most camps served red/highly processed meats, salty snacks, and grain-based desserts frequently, and rarely served vegetables or water. Children consumed little (eg, at lunch, 36.5% of fruit portions, 35.0% of meat/meat alternative portions, and 37.6% of milk portions served) except for salty snacks (66.9% of portions) and grain-based desserts (64.1% of portions). Sugar-sweetened beverages and salty snacks were frequently brought to camp. One-quarter of campers drank nothing throughout the entire camp day.
The nutritional quality of foods and beverages served at summer day camps could be improved. Future studies should assess barriers to consumption of healthy foods and beverages in these settings.
在美国，每年有超过1400万儿童参加夏令营，但对于日间营地的食物环境却知之甚少。
我们的目标是描述为参加提供膳食和零食的夏季日间营地的儿童提供的、自带的和食用的膳食的营养质量，并描述营地的水供应情况。
我们进行了一项横断面研究。
参与者/地点：参与者为2013年在马萨诸塞州波士顿的五个夏令营中参加的149名儿童。
连续5天观察提供的食品和饮料。连续2天，使用经过验证的方案直接观察儿童的饮食摄入量。观察指标包括早餐、午餐和零食期间提供和食用的总能量（千卡）以及不同类型食品和饮料的份数。
计算各营地每餐提供的平均总能量、反式脂肪、钠、糖和纤维含量，以及每周提供水果、蔬菜、肉类/肉类替代品、谷物、牛奶、100%果汁、含糖饮料、全谷物、红肉/高度加工肉类、谷物类甜点和咸味零食的平均频率。计算每个露营者每天的平均摄入量。
营地午餐平均（标准差）提供647.7（134.3）千卡，早餐提供401.8（149.6）千卡，零食提供266.4（150.8）千卡。大多数营地经常提供红肉/高度加工肉类、咸味零食和谷物类甜点，很少提供蔬菜或水。儿童除了咸味零食（66.9%的份数）和谷物类甜点（64.1%的份数）外，摄入量很少（例如，午餐时，提供的水果份数的36.5%、肉类/肉类替代品份数的35.0%和牛奶份数的37.6%）。含糖饮料和咸味零食经常被带到营地。四分之一的露营者在整个营地日都没有喝水。
夏季日间营地提供的食品和饮料的营养质量有待提高。未来的研究应该评估在这些环境中食用健康食品和饮料的障碍。
