Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7624, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7624, USA.
Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, 75 Kneeland Street, 8th Floor, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Curr Obes Rep. 2018 Jun;7(2):112-121. doi: 10.1007/s13679-018-0305-z.
Accumulating evidence shows that children in the USA gain weight more rapidly during the summer, when school is not in session. This narrative review spanning 2007 to 2017 summarizes efforts to characterize the problem, identify key determinants, and intervene to prevent excess summer weight gain.
Summer weight gain remains a concern for elementary-age youth. Few studies have examined its determinants, but unfavorable summertime shifts in diet, physical activity, sedentary time, screen media use, and sleep have been reported. Increased structure is thought to protect against summer weight gain. Interventions to support physical activity and nutrition during the summer show promise, though large-scale impact on weight outcomes remains to be seen. Supporting health behaviors during the summer remains a priority for obesity prevention researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. Strategies to expand access to structured programs and reach beyond such programs to improve behaviors at home are of particular importance.
越来越多的证据表明，美国的儿童在暑假期间体重增加得更快，此时学校没有上课。本综述综述了 2007 年至 2017 年期间的研究，旨在描述这一问题、确定关键决定因素，并采取干预措施防止夏季体重过度增加。
小学生的夏季体重增加仍然令人担忧。很少有研究探讨其决定因素，但据报道，夏季饮食、体力活动、久坐时间、屏幕媒体使用和睡眠会出现不良变化。增加结构被认为可以防止夏季体重增加。支持夏季体力活动和营养的干预措施显示出了希望，但对体重结果的大规模影响仍有待观察。在夏季支持健康行为仍然是肥胖预防研究人员、从业者和政策制定者的优先事项。扩大有组织项目的获取途径，并采取超越这些项目的策略来改善家庭行为，具有特别重要的意义。
