Bejder Jacob, Andersen Andreas Breenfeldt, Buchardt Rie, Larsson Tanja Hultengren, Olsen Niels Vidiendal, Nordsborg Nikolai Baastrup
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 May;117(5):979-988. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3586-0. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
The aim was to investigate whether 6 weeks of normobaric "Live High-Train Low" (LHTL) using altitude tents affect highly trained athletes incremental peak power, 26-km time-trial cycling performance, 3-min all-out performance, and 30-s repeated sprint ability. In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over design, seven highly trained triathletes were exposed to 6 weeks of normobaric hypoxia (LHTL) and normoxia (placebo) for 8 h/day. LHTL exposure consisted of 2 weeks at 2500 m, 2 weeks at 3000 m, and 2 weeks at 3500 m. Power output during an incremental test, ~26-km time trial, 3-min all-out exercise, and 8 × 30 s of all-out sprint was evaluated before and after the intervention. Following at least 8 weeks of wash-out, the subjects crossed over and repeated the procedure. Incremental peak power output was similar after both interventions [LHTL: 375 ± 74 vs. 369 ± 70 W (pre-vs-post), placebo: 385 ± 60 vs. 364 ± 79 W (pre-vs-post)]. Likewise, mean power output was similar between treatments as well as before and after each intervention for time trial [LHTL: 257 ± 49 vs. 254 ± 54 W (pre-vs-post), placebo: 267 ± 57 vs. 267 ± 52 W (pre-vs-post)], and 3-min all-out [LHTL: 366 ± 68 vs. 369 ± 72 W (pre-vs-post), placebo: 365 ± 66 vs. 355 ± 71 W (pre-vs-post)]. Furthermore, peak- and mean power output during repeated sprint exercise was similar between groups at all time points (n = 5). In conclusion, 6 weeks of normobaric LHTL using altitude tents simulating altitudes of 2500-3500 m conducted in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over design do not affect power output during an incremental test, a ~26-km time-trial test, or 3-min all-out exercise in highly trained triathletes. Furthermore, 30 s of repeated sprint ability was unaltered.
目的是研究使用高原帐篷进行为期6周的常压“高住低练”(LHTL)是否会影响高水平运动员的递增峰值功率、26公里计时赛自行车成绩、3分钟全力运动表现以及30秒重复冲刺能力。在一项双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉设计中,7名高水平铁人三项运动员每天接受8小时的常压低氧(LHTL)和常压常氧(安慰剂)处理,为期6周。LHTL处理包括在2500米处停留2周、在3000米处停留2周以及在3500米处停留2周。在干预前后评估递增测试、约26公里计时赛、3分钟全力运动以及8次×30秒全力冲刺期间的功率输出。经过至少8周的洗脱期后,受试者进行交叉并重复该过程。两种干预后递增峰值功率输出相似[LHTL:375±74 vs. 369±70瓦(干预前vs.干预后),安慰剂:385±60 vs. 364±79瓦(干预前vs.干预后)]。同样,计时赛[LHTL:257±49 vs. 254±54瓦(干预前vs.干预后),安慰剂:267±57 vs. 267±52瓦(干预前vs.干预后)]以及3分钟全力运动[LHTL:366±68 vs. 369±72瓦(干预前vs.干预后),安慰剂:365±66 vs. 355±71瓦(干预前vs.干预后)]的平均功率输出在各处理组之间以及每次干预前后均相似。此外,在所有时间点,重复冲刺运动期间的峰值和平均功率输出在各组之间相似(n = 5)。总之,在双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉设计中,使用模拟2500 - 3500米海拔的高原帐篷进行为期6周的常压LHTL,不会影响高水平铁人三项运动员在递增测试、约26公里计时赛测试或3分钟全力运动期间的功率输出。此外,30秒重复冲刺能力未发生改变。