注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)与饮食行为障碍:系统综述与未来研究框架。

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and disordered eating behaviour: A systematic review and a framework for future research.

机构信息

School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.

P1vital, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BA, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Clin Psychol Rev. 2017 Apr;53:109-121. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Mar 6.

Abstract

Preliminary findings suggest that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may be associated with disordered eating behaviour, but whether there is sufficient evidence to suggest an association between ADHD and specific types of disordered eating behaviour is unclear. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether specific features associated with ADHD are differentially associated with disordered eating behaviour. A systematic review of seventy-five studies was conducted to evaluate the potential association between ADHD symptomatology and disordered eating behaviour and to provide an estimate of the strength of evidence for any association. Overall, a moderate strength of evidence exists for a positive association between ADHD and disordered eating and with specific types of disordered-eating behaviour, in particular, overeating behaviour. There is consistent evidence that impulsivity symptoms of ADHD are positively associated with overeating and bulimia nervosa and more limited evidence for an association between hyperactivity symptoms and restrictive eating in males but not females. Further research is required to assess the potential direction of the relationship between ADHD and disordered eating, the underlying mechanisms and the role of specific ADHD symptoms in the development and/or maintenance of disordered eating behaviour. We propose a framework that could be used to guide the design of future studies.

摘要

初步研究结果表明,注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)可能与饮食失调行为有关,但目前尚无足够证据表明 ADHD 与特定类型的饮食失调行为之间存在关联。此外,尚不确定与 ADHD 相关的特定特征是否与饮食失调行为存在差异相关。对 75 项研究进行了系统回顾,以评估 ADHD 症状与饮食失调行为之间的潜在关联,并对任何关联的证据强度进行估计。总的来说,ADHD 与饮食失调以及特定类型的饮食失调行为(特别是暴饮暴食行为)之间存在中等强度的关联。有一致的证据表明,ADHD 的冲动症状与暴饮暴食和神经性贪食症呈正相关,而 ADHD 的多动症状与男性的限制饮食有关,但与女性无关。需要进一步研究来评估 ADHD 和饮食失调之间关系的潜在方向、潜在机制以及特定 ADHD 症状在饮食失调行为的发展和/或维持中的作用。我们提出了一个可以用来指导未来研究设计的框架。

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