Balmford James, Borland Ron
Health Educ Res. 2017 Apr 1;32(2):124-133. doi: 10.1093/her/cyx032.
Smokers are exposed to advice about quitting from numerous sources. Within the 2013 ITC 4-Country Survey, 1211 Australian smokers or recent ex-smokers rated the perceived importance of eight sources of advice, categorized into evidence-based, non evidence-based, personal experience and vicarious experience (two items each), and also rated their intention to quit, nicotine dependence, use of quit medication, health concerns and harm beliefs. The eight items were all positively correlated. Respondents who placed greater importance on their experiences (either personal or vicarious) were more likely to agree that the evidence for smoking-related harm is exaggerated, and although not more likely to intend to quit overall, these responses were most strongly related to quit intention. Notably, of those responding that all sources were 'not at all important' (or don't know), only 3.2% reported any interest in quitting in the next 6 months (compared to 36.0% among those who endorsed any), 12.8% were often concerned about smoking's effect on their health (compared with 60.4%), and 73.7% agreed that 'smoking is no more risky than other things' (compared with 34.5%). There was no evidence that rejecting evidence-based sources (medical or governmental) in favour of other sources was associated with lower quit intentions or behaviour.
吸烟者会从众多渠道获得关于戒烟的建议。在2013年国际烟草控制四国调查中，1211名澳大利亚吸烟者或近期戒烟者对八种建议来源的感知重要性进行了评分，这些来源分为循证、非循证、个人经历和间接经历（各两项），他们还对自己的戒烟意愿、尼古丁依赖、使用戒烟药物、健康担忧和危害认知进行了评分。这八个项目均呈正相关。那些更重视自身经历（个人经历或间接经历）的受访者更有可能认同吸烟相关危害的证据被夸大了，而且尽管总体上不太可能有戒烟意愿，但这些回答与戒烟意愿的关联最为紧密。值得注意的是，在那些认为所有来源“完全不重要”（或不知道）的受访者中，只有3.2%表示在未来6个月内有任何戒烟意愿（相比之下，认可任何来源的受访者中有36.0%），12.8%经常担心吸烟对其健康的影响（相比之下为60.4%），73.7%同意“吸烟并不比其他事情更有风险”（相比之下为34.5%）。没有证据表明拒绝循证来源（医学或政府来源）而倾向于其他来源与较低的戒烟意愿或行为有关。
