Duff Deirdre, Long Aideen
Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
Cell Signal. 2017 Jul;35:250-255. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.03.005. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Migration and invasion of cancer cells into surrounding tissue and vasculature is an important initial step in cancer metastasis. Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer related death and thus it is crucial that we improve our understanding of the mechanisms that promote this life-threatening phenomenon. Cell migration involves a complex, multistep process that leads to the actin-driven movement of cells on or through the tissues of the body. The multifunctional scaffolding protein RACK1 plays important roles in nucleating cell signalling hubs, anchoring proteins at specific subcellular locations and regulating protein activity. It is essential for cell migration and accumulating evidence now demonstrates multiple roles for RACK1 in regulating migration and invasion of tumour cells. The possibility of designing drugs that block the migratory and invasive capabilities of cancer cells represents an attractive therapeutic strategy for treating malignant disease with RACK1 being a potential target. In this review we summarize this evidence and examine the mechanisms that underlie the contribution of RACK1 to the various stages of cell migration and invasion.
癌细胞迁移并侵入周围组织和脉管系统是癌症转移的重要起始步骤。转移是癌症相关死亡的主要原因，因此，增进我们对促进这一致命现象的机制的理解至关重要。细胞迁移涉及一个复杂的多步骤过程，该过程导致细胞在体内组织上或通过体内组织进行肌动蛋白驱动的移动。多功能支架蛋白RACK1在形成细胞信号枢纽、将蛋白质锚定在特定亚细胞位置以及调节蛋白质活性方面发挥重要作用。它对细胞迁移至关重要，越来越多的证据表明RACK1在调节肿瘤细胞迁移和侵袭方面具有多种作用。设计能够阻断癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力的药物的可能性，代表了一种有吸引力的治疗恶性疾病的策略，RACK1是一个潜在靶点。在这篇综述中，我们总结了这些证据，并研究了RACK1在细胞迁移和侵袭各个阶段所起作用的潜在机制。
