St Quinton Tom, Brunton Julie A
Department of Sport, Health and Nutrition, Leeds Trinity University Leeds, UK.
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds Leeds, UK.
Front Psychol. 2017 Mar 8;8:346. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00346. eCollection 2017.
The ability to regulate and subsequently change behavior is influenced by both reflective and implicit processes. Traditional theories have focused on conscious processes by highlighting the beliefs and intentions that influence decision making. However, their success in changing behavior has been modest with a gap between intention and behavior apparent. Dual-process models have been recently applied to health psychology; with numerous models incorporating implicit processes that influence behavior as well as the more common conscious processes. Such implicit processes are theorized to govern behavior non-consciously. The article provides a commentary on motivational and volitional processes and how interventions have combined to attempt an increase in positive health behaviors. Following this, non-conscious processes are discussed in terms of their theoretical underpinning. The article will then highlight how these processes have been measured and will then discuss the different ways that the non-conscious and conscious may interact. The development of interventions manipulating both processes may well prove crucial in successfully altering behavior.
调节并随后改变行为的能力受到反思性和内隐过程的影响。传统理论通过强调影响决策的信念和意图，聚焦于有意识的过程。然而，它们在改变行为方面的成效并不显著，意图与行为之间存在明显差距。双加工模型最近已应用于健康心理学；众多模型纳入了影响行为的内隐过程以及更常见的有意识过程。此类内隐过程被理论化为在无意识状态下支配行为。本文对动机和意志过程以及干预措施如何结合以尝试增加积极健康行为进行了评论。在此之后，将从理论基础方面讨论无意识过程。本文随后将强调这些过程是如何被测量的，然后讨论无意识和有意识过程可能相互作用的不同方式。操纵这两种过程的干预措施的发展很可能被证明对成功改变行为至关重要。
