Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, USA.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2017 Nov;36(6):721-730. doi: 10.1111/dar.12464. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
This study tested the measurement invariance of the Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised Short Form (DMQ-R-SF) in undergraduates across 10 countries. We expected the four-factor structure to hold across countries, and for social motives to emerge as the most commonly endorsed motive, followed by enhancement, coping and conformity motives. We also compared individualistic and collectivistic countries to examine potential differences in the endorsement of drinking motives when countries were divided according to this broad cultural value.
A sample of 8478 undergraduate drinkers from collectivistic (Portugal, Mexico, Brazil, Spain; n = 1567) and individualistic (Switzerland, Hungary, Canada, the Netherlands, the UK and Ireland, and the USA; n = 6911) countries completed the DMQ-R-SF. Countries were classified as individualistic or collectivistic based on world-wide norms.
Using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, the 4-factor model of the DMQ-R-SF showed configural and metric invariance across all 10 countries. As predicted, the rank order of undergraduates' drinking motive endorsement was identical across countries (social > enhancement > coping > conformity), although a mixed model analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction where undergraduates from individualistic countries more strongly endorsed social and enhancement motives relative to undergraduates from collectivistic countries.
There was broad cross-cultural consistency in the factor structure and mean patterns of drinking motives. Undergraduate students appear to drink mainly for positive reinforcement (i.e. for social and enhancement reasons), although this tendency is particularly pronounced among those from more individualistic countries. [Mackinnon SP, Couture M-E, Cooper ML, Kuntsche E, O'Connor RM, Stewart SH, and the DRINC Team. Cross-cultural comparisons of drinking motives in 10 countries: Data from the DRINC project.
本研究在 10 个国家的大学生中检验了修订后的简易饮酒动机问卷（DMQ-R-SF）的测量不变性。我们预计四因素结构在各国之间保持不变，社交动机将成为最常被认可的动机，其次是增强、应对和从众动机。我们还比较了个人主义和集体主义国家，以检验当根据这种广泛的文化价值观划分国家时，对饮酒动机的认可可能存在差异。
来自集体主义国家（葡萄牙、墨西哥、巴西、西班牙；n = 1567）和个人主义国家（瑞士、匈牙利、加拿大、荷兰、英国和爱尔兰、美国；n = 6911）的 8478 名大学生饮酒者样本完成了 DMQ-R-SF。根据全球规范，国家被归类为个人主义或集体主义。
使用多组验证性因素分析，DMQ-R-SF 的 4 因素模型在所有 10 个国家都显示出结构和度量不变性。正如预测的那样，大学生饮酒动机认可的等级顺序在各国是相同的（社交>增强>应对>从众），尽管方差混合模型分析显示出一个显著的交互作用，即来自个人主义国家的大学生比来自集体主义国家的大学生更强烈地认可社交和增强动机。
在饮酒动机的因子结构和均值模式方面存在广泛的跨文化一致性。大学生似乎主要出于积极强化（即社交和增强原因）而饮酒，尽管这种趋势在来自更个人主义国家的学生中更为明显。[MacKinnon SP、Couture M-E、Cooper ML、Kuntsche E、O'Connor RM、Stewart SH 和 DRINC 团队。10 个国家饮酒动机的跨文化比较：来自 DRINC 项目的数据。
