Martin Jessica L, Ferreira Joaquim Armando, Haase Richard F, Martins Jorge, Coelho Mariana
Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Division of Counseling Psychology, ED 220, University at Albany-State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Faculty of Psychology and Education, Room 5.21, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Addict Behav. 2016 Sep;60:58-63. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.030. Epub 2016 Apr 2.
The present study aimed to evaluate the invariance of the factor structure of the Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised (DMQ-R) between Portuguese and US university students. Following tests of factor model invariance we further evaluated cross-cultural differences in (1) mean levels of the four motives, and (2) the association of the four motives with weekly drinking, peak drinking, and binge drinking among college students from the United States and Portugal. Participants were 983 undergraduate students (67% female) from the US (N=515) and Portugal (N=468). Participants completed a confidential online (US) or paper and pencil (Portugal) survey. Results of a CFA demonstrated that the four-factor model of the DMQ-R was invariant with respect to factor loadings, factor variances, and factor covariances across the two countries. Mean differences in ratings of drinking motives were found, with US students ranking all motives higher than Portuguese students. However, rank order of motives (social>enhancement>coping>conformity) were equivalent across countries. Support for convergent validity was demonstrated by significant associations between drinking motives and alcohol consumption for men and women of both samples. Results support the factorial invariance and convergent validity of the DMQ-R across US and Portuguese college students, making it a trustworthy means of assessing college students' drinking motives, and a useful instrument for clinical and research purposes, both within and across cultures.
本研究旨在评估修订后的饮酒动机问卷（DMQ-R）在葡萄牙和美国大学生中的因子结构不变性。在进行因子模型不变性测试后，我们进一步评估了以下方面的跨文化差异：（1）四种动机的平均水平；（2）美国和葡萄牙大学生中四种动机与每周饮酒量、饮酒峰值和暴饮之间的关联。参与者为来自美国（N = 515）和葡萄牙（N = 468）的983名本科生（67%为女性）。参与者完成了一份保密的在线（美国）或纸笔（葡萄牙）调查问卷。验证性因子分析（CFA）结果表明，DMQ-R的四因子模型在两国的因子载荷、因子方差和因子协方差方面具有不变性。研究发现饮酒动机评分存在均值差异，美国学生对所有动机的评分均高于葡萄牙学生。然而，各国动机的排序（社交>增强>应对>顺从）是相同的。两个样本中男性和女性的饮酒动机与酒精消费之间的显著关联证明了收敛效度。研究结果支持了DMQ-R在美国和葡萄牙大学生中的因子不变性和收敛效度，使其成为评估大学生饮酒动机的可靠手段，以及用于临床和研究目的的有用工具，无论是在文化内部还是跨文化研究中。
