Heo Jeong, Baek Hyun Jae, Hong Seunghyeok, Chang Min Hye, Lee Jeong Su, Park Kwang Suk
Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Mobile Communication Business, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea.
Comput Biol Med. 2017 May 1;84:45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.03.011. Epub 2017 Mar 18.
Patients with total locked-in syndrome are conscious; however, they cannot express themselves because most of their voluntary muscles are paralyzed, and many of these patients have lost their eyesight. To improve the quality of life of these patients, there is an increasing need for communication-supporting technologies that leverage the remaining senses of the patient along with physiological signals. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is an electro-physiologic response to auditory stimulation that is amplitude-modulated by a specific frequency. By leveraging the phenomenon whereby ASSR is modulated by mind concentration, a brain-computer interface paradigm was proposed to classify the selective attention of the patient. In this paper, we propose an auditory stimulation method to minimize auditory stress by replacing the monotone carrier with familiar music and natural sounds for an ergonomic system. Piano and violin instrumentals were employed in the music sessions; the sounds of water streaming and cicadas singing were used in the natural sound sessions. Six healthy subjects participated in the experiment. Electroencephalograms were recorded using four electrodes (Cz, Oz, T7 and T8). Seven sessions were performed using different stimuli. The spectral power at 38 and 42Hz and their ratio for each electrode were extracted as features. Linear discriminant analysis was utilized to classify the selections for each subject. In offline analysis, the average classification accuracies with a modulation index of 1.0 were 89.67% and 87.67% using music and natural sounds, respectively. In online experiments, the average classification accuracies were 88.3% and 80.0% using music and natural sounds, respectively. Using the proposed method, we obtained significantly higher user-acceptance scores, while maintaining a high average classification accuracy.
完全闭锁综合征患者意识清醒;然而,由于他们的大部分随意肌麻痹,且许多患者丧失了视力,所以无法表达自己。为提高这些患者的生活质量,越来越需要利用患者剩余的感官以及生理信号的通信支持技术。听觉稳态反应(ASSR)是对由特定频率进行幅度调制的听觉刺激的一种电生理反应。通过利用ASSR受注意力集中调制的现象,提出了一种脑机接口范式来对患者的选择性注意力进行分类。在本文中,我们提出一种听觉刺激方法,通过用熟悉的音乐和自然声音替代单调载波,以实现系统的人机工程学设计,从而将听觉压力降至最低。音乐环节采用了钢琴和小提琴乐器演奏;自然声音环节使用了水流声和蝉鸣声。六名健康受试者参与了实验。使用四个电极(Cz、Oz、T7和T8)记录脑电图。使用不同刺激进行了七个环节的实验。提取每个电极在38Hz和42Hz处的频谱功率及其比值作为特征。利用线性判别分析对每个受试者的选择进行分类。在离线分析中,调制指数为1.0时,使用音乐和自然声音的平均分类准确率分别为89.67%和87.67%。在在线实验中,使用音乐和自然声音的平均分类准确率分别为88.3%和80.0%。使用所提出方法,我们在保持较高平均分类准确率的同时,获得了显著更高的用户接受度评分。