Successful chimera production in the Hungarian goose (Anser anser domestica) by intracardiac injection of blastodermal cells in 3-day-old embryos.

The conservation of genetic resources of avian species has become increasingly important over the past decade. The aim of the present study was to develop a genome preservation technique for the Hungarian goose Anser anser domestica. To this end, we developed a novel approach combining the simplicity of isolating a blastodermal cell suspension, which includes forming primordial germ cells (PGCs), with the efficiency of targeting future gonads by injecting these cells into the cardiac vein of the developing host embryo. First, we determined that the migratory period of PGCs in goose embryos was between 69 and 84h of development. Then, we injected the blastodermal cell suspension into the bloodstream of recipient embryos at this stage of development and monitored donor cell transmission into the genital tract. In all, 249 embryos were injected; three were found to be chimeras in gonadal tissues, whereas only one was a chimera in other tissues. Based on these results, it is concluded that this method is suitable for producing chimeras in the domestic goose. The optimal time of cell injection was found to be between 74 and 76h. The present study is the first report of the generation of chimeras in the domestic goose using intracardiac transplantation of embryonic cells.