Tatu L, Bogousslavsky J
Service d'explorations et pathologies neuromusculaires, CHU de Besançon, laboratoire d'anatomie, UFR sciences médicales et pharmaceutiques, université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
Center for Brain and Nervous System Disorders, Swiss Medical Network, département de neurologie, clinique Valmont, 1823 Glion, Switzerland.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2017 Mar;173(3):125-130. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.02.010. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Neuropsychiatry had a profound impact on the life and work of one of the most influential French writers of the 20th century, Frédéric Sauser, better known by his pen name Blaise Cendrars (1887-1961). Cendrars, whose right writing hand was amputated after a battlefield wound in 1915, described with acuity his stump pain and phantom limb syndrome. He became a left-handed writer. Between 1956 and his death in 1961, he also suffered two strokes that progressively paralyzed his left side and greatly diminished his ability to speak. Cendrars had started medical school in his youth and found that his ideas about the genesis of mental disorders conflicted with the generally accepted psychiatric conceptions of hysteria or psychoanalysis. His theories were greatly enriched by his observations of fellow World War I soldiers, victims of neuropsychiatric disorders. In his novels, many of his characters had borderline conditions, including two spectacularly mad serial killers, Moravagine and Fébronio. The case of Moravagine, fashioned after a patient with a brain tumor, allowed Cendrars to examine the nebulous frontier between neurological and psychiatric diseases.
神经精神病学对20世纪最有影响力的法国作家之一弗雷德里克·索泽（Frédéric Sauser）的生活和作品产生了深远影响，他更为人熟知的笔名是布莱兹·桑德拉尔（Blaise Cendrars，1887 - 1961）。桑德拉尔的右手在1915年的一次战场受伤后被截肢，他敏锐地描述了自己的残肢疼痛和幻肢综合征。他成为了一名左撇子作家。在1956年至1961年去世期间，他还遭受了两次中风，逐渐使他的左侧身体瘫痪，并大大削弱了他的说话能力。桑德拉尔年轻时曾就读于医学院，他发现自己关于精神障碍起源的观点与当时普遍接受的癔症或精神分析的精神病学观念相冲突。他对第一次世界大战期间患有神经精神疾病的战友的观察极大地丰富了他的理论。在他的小说中，许多角色都处于边缘状态，包括两个极其疯狂的连环杀手莫拉瓦金（Moravagine）和费布罗尼奥（Fébronio）。以一名脑瘤患者为原型塑造的莫拉瓦金的案例，让桑德拉尔得以审视神经疾病和精神疾病之间模糊的界限。
