University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Schizophr Res. 2018 Jan;191:123-131. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.03.033. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
Time, or more specifically temporal structure, is a critical variable in understanding how the auditory system uses acoustic patterns to predict input, and to filter events based on their relevance. A key index of this filtering process is the auditory evoked potential component known as mismatch negativity or MMN. In this paper we review findings of smaller MMN in schizophrenia through the lens of time as an influential contextual variable. More specifically, we review studies that show how MMN to a locally rare pattern-deviation is modulated by the longer-term context in which it occurs. Empirical data is presented from a non-clinical sample confirming that the absence of a stable higher-order structure to sound sequences alters the way MMN amplitude changes over time. This result is discussed in relation to how hierarchical pattern learning might enrich our understanding of how and why MMN amplitude modulation is disrupted in schizophrenia.
时间，或者更具体地说，时间结构，是理解听觉系统如何利用声音模式来预测输入以及根据输入的相关性对事件进行过滤的关键变量。这种过滤过程的一个关键指标是听觉诱发电位成分，称为失匹配负波或 MMN。在本文中，我们通过时间作为一个有影响力的上下文变量的视角，回顾了精神分裂症中 MMN 较小的发现。更具体地说，我们回顾了一些研究，这些研究表明，局部罕见模式偏差的 MMN 如何受到其发生的长期背景的调制。来自非临床样本的实证数据证实，声音序列中缺乏稳定的高阶结构会改变 MMN 随时间变化的幅度。这一结果与层级模式学习如何丰富我们对精神分裂症中 MMN 幅度调制中断的方式和原因的理解有关。
