Nguyen Vo Thu An, Gauthier Mario, Sandre Olivier
University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France.
National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2014 Aug 4;4(3):628-685. doi: 10.3390/nano4030628.
The synthesis of superparamagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) for various technological applications continues to be an interesting research topic. The successful application of superparamagnetic NPs to each specific area typically depends on the achievement of high magnetization for the nanocrystals obtained, which is determined by their average size and size distribution. The size dispersity of magnetic NPs (MNPs) is markedly improved when, during the synthesis, the nucleation and growth steps of the reaction are well-separated. Tuning the nucleation process with the assistance of a hosting medium that encapsulates the precursors (such as self-assembled micelles), dispersing them in discrete compartments, improves control over particle formation. These inorganic-organic hybrids inherit properties from both the organic and the inorganic materials, while the organic component can also bring a specific functionality to the particles or prevent their aggregation in water. The general concept of interest in this review is that the shape and size of the synthesized MNPs can be controlled to some extent by the geometry and the size of the organic templates used, which thus can be considered as molds at the nanometer scale, for both porous continuous matrices and suspensions.
用于各种技术应用的超顺磁性纳米颗粒（NPs）的合成仍然是一个有趣的研究课题。超顺磁性纳米颗粒在每个特定领域的成功应用通常取决于所获得的纳米晶体实现高磁化强度，而这又由其平均尺寸和尺寸分布决定。当在合成过程中反应的成核和生长步骤得到很好的分离时，磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）的尺寸分散性会显著提高。借助封装前驱体的主体介质（如自组装胶束）来调节成核过程，将它们分散在离散的隔室中，可以改善对颗粒形成的控制。这些无机-有机杂化物继承了有机和无机材料的特性，而有机成分还可以为颗粒带来特定功能或防止它们在水中聚集。本综述感兴趣的总体概念是，合成的MNPs的形状和尺寸可以在一定程度上通过所用有机模板的几何形状和尺寸来控制，因此对于多孔连续基质和悬浮液而言，这些有机模板都可被视为纳米级的模具。
