Kume Satoshi, Nishimura Yukako, Mizuno Kei, Sakimoto Nae, Hori Hiroshi, Tamura Yasuhisa, Yamato Masanori, Mitsuhashi Rika, Akiba Keigo, Koizumi Jun-Ichi, Watanabe Yasuyoshi, Kataoka Yosky
Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science TechnologiesKobe, Japan; Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsaka, Japan; Health Metrics Development Team, Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Compass to Healthy Life Research Complex Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology HubKobe, Japan.
Cellular Function Imaging Team, Division of Bio-function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies Kobe, Japan.
Front Neurosci. 2017 Mar 10;11:108. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00108. eCollection 2017.
It is widely accepted that listening to music improves subjective feelings and reduces fatigue sensations, and different kinds of music lead to different activations of these feelings. Recently, cardiac autonomic nervous modulation has been proposed as a useful objective indicator of fatigue. However, scientific considerations of the relation between feelings of fatigue and cardiac autonomic nervous modulation while listening to music are still lacking. In this study, we examined which subjective feelings of fatigue are related to participants' cardiac autonomic nervous function while they listen to music. We used an album of comfortable and relaxing environmental music, with blended sounds from a piano and violin as well as natural sound sources. We performed a crossover trial of environmental music and silent sessions for 20 healthy subjects, 12 females, and 8 males, after their daily work shift. We measured changes in eight types of subjective feelings, including healing, fatigue, sleepiness, relaxation, and refreshment, using the KOKORO scale, a subjective mood measurement system for self-reported feelings. Further, we obtained measures of cardiac autonomic nervous function on the basis of heart rate variability before and after the sessions. During the music session, subjective feelings significantly shifted toward healing and a secure/relaxed feeling and these changes were greater than those in the silent session. Heart rates (ΔHR) in the music session significantly decreased compared with those in the silent session. Other cardiac autonomic parameters such as high-frequency (HF) component and the ratio of low-frequency (LF) and HF components (LF/HF) were similar in the two sessions. In the linear regression analysis of the feelings with ΔHR and changes in LF/HF (ΔLF/HF), increases and decreases in ΔHR were correlated to the feeling axes of Fatigue-Healing and Anxiety/Tension-Security/Relaxation, whereas those in ΔLF/HF were related to the feeling axes of Sleepiness-Wakefulness and Gloomy-Refreshed. This indicated that listening to music improved the participants' feelings of fatigue and decreased their heart rates. However, it did not reduce the cardiac LF/HF, suggesting that cardiac LF/HF might show a delayed response to fatigue. Thus, we demonstrated changes in cardiac autonomic nervous functions based on feelings of fatigue.
人们普遍认为，听音乐能改善主观感受并减轻疲劳感，不同类型的音乐引发这些感受的激活方式也有所不同。最近，心脏自主神经调制已被提议作为疲劳的一个有用的客观指标。然而，对于听音乐时疲劳感与心脏自主神经调制之间关系的科学考量仍然缺乏。在本研究中，我们考察了在听音乐时，哪些疲劳的主观感受与参与者的心脏自主神经功能相关。我们使用了一张包含舒适放松的环境音乐的专辑，其中融合了钢琴和小提琴的声音以及自然声源。我们在20名健康受试者（12名女性和8名男性）日常轮班工作后，对环境音乐和安静时段进行了交叉试验。我们使用KOKORO量表（一种用于自我报告感受的主观情绪测量系统）测量了包括治愈感、疲劳感、困倦感、放松感和清爽感在内的八种主观感受的变化。此外，我们在各时段前后基于心率变异性获得了心脏自主神经功能的测量值。在音乐时段，主观感受显著转向治愈感和安全感/放松感，且这些变化比安静时段更大。与安静时段相比，音乐时段的心率（ΔHR）显著降低。其他心脏自主神经参数，如高频（HF）成分以及低频（LF）与HF成分的比值（LF/HF）在两个时段相似。在对感受与ΔHR以及LF/HF变化（ΔLF/HF）的线性回归分析中，ΔHR的增加和减少与疲劳 - 治愈感轴以及焦虑/紧张 - 安全感/放松感轴相关，而ΔLF/HF的变化与困倦 - 清醒感轴以及阴沉 - 清爽感轴相关。这表明听音乐改善了参与者的疲劳感并降低了他们的心率。然而，它并未降低心脏LF/HF，这表明心脏LF/HF可能对疲劳表现出延迟反应。因此，我们基于疲劳感证明了心脏自主神经功能的变化。
