Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 37-1 Nakaorui, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 27;7:45304. doi: 10.1038/srep45304.
We prospectively evaluated the effects of a prevention program on the incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries in high school baseball pitchers. Ninety-two pitchers participated in this study and were taught to perform stretching and strength exercises aimed at improving shoulder external rotation strength in the preseason. The pitchers freely chose to participate in one of four groups [SM-group: performed both exercises, S-group: performed stretching exercise only, M-group: performed strength training only, and N-group: performed neither intervention]. Injury was defined as inability to play for ≥8 days because of shoulder/elbow symptoms. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated and hazard ratios (HRs) for injury occurrence were calculated using multivariate Cox regression. Log-rank test was used for between-group comparisons of survival distributions. The injuries occurred in 25, 35, and 57% of participants and median times to injury were 89, 92, and 29.5 days in the S- (n = 32), SM- (n = 46), and N- (n = 14) group, respectively. Nobody chose M-group. HRs were 0.36 and 0.47 for the S- and SM-group, respectively, based on the N-group. The incidence of injury was significantly lower in the S-group than in the N-group (p = 0.04). Daily posterior shoulder stretching may reduce the incidence of the injuries in high school baseball pitchers.
我们前瞻性地评估了预防计划对高中棒球投手肩部和肘部受伤发生率的影响。92 名投手参与了这项研究，并在季前赛中被教导进行伸展和力量练习，以提高肩部外旋力量。投手可以自由选择参加以下四个小组中的一个[SM 组：同时进行两种练习，S 组：仅进行伸展练习，M 组：仅进行力量训练，N 组：不进行任何干预]。损伤定义为因肩部/肘部症状而无法连续 8 天以上参加比赛。生成 Kaplan-Meier 生存曲线，并使用多变量 Cox 回归计算损伤发生的风险比 (HR)。对数秩检验用于生存分布的组间比较。S 组（n=32）、SM 组（n=46）和 N 组（n=14）中分别有 25%、35%和 57%的参与者发生损伤，损伤中位时间分别为 89、92 和 29.5 天。没有人选择 M 组。基于 N 组，S 组和 SM 组的 HR 分别为 0.36 和 0.47。与 N 组相比，S 组的损伤发生率显著降低（p=0.04）。每日进行肩部后方伸展练习可能会降低高中棒球投手受伤的发生率。
