Kouotou E A, Kechia F A, Iwewe Somo Y, Nguena Feungue U, Nansseu J R, Moyou Somo R
Centre hospitalier et universitaire de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Hôpital général de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Faculté de médecine et des sciences biomédicales (FMSB), B.P 8314, Yaoundé, Cameroun.
Faculté de médecine et des sciences biomédicales (FMSB), B.P 8314, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Laboratoire de mycologie de la FMSB, Yaoundé, Cameroun.
J Mycol Med. 2017 Jun;27(2):238-244. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
The lack of data concerning the mycological spectrum of onychomycosis in Cameroon prompted us to conduct the present study, which aimed to determine the mycological profile of onychomycosis diagnosed during dermatologic consultations in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
This was a cross-sectional study held from October 2014 to March 2015 in six hospitals of Yaoundé. Patients suspected of onychomycosis were consecutively recruited during dermatologic consultations; anamnestic and clinical data were recorded and one or several nail fragments sampled for mycological examination (direct examination or culture).
A total of 3457 patients were examined during the study period, 117 of whom were suspected of onychomycosis; 133 samplings were performed. The distolateral subungual form was the dominating one: 72/110; 65.5%. The diagnosis was confirmed with 110 of the 133 samples (82.7%), these collected among 96 patients, hence a prevalence of 2.8% (96/3457). We isolated 99 germs, among which two-co-infestations. Dermatophytes (52/99; 52.5%), especially Trichophyton rubrum (23/52; 44.2%) and Trichophyton verrucosum (11/52; 21.2%) were the main pathogens causing onychomycois of the toes whereas yeasts (43/99; 43.4%), Candida albicans (31/43; 72.1%) in majority, were the prevailing germs incriminated in onychomycosis of the fingers. There were few cases of molds infestation (4/99; 4%).
Onychomycosis are common in dermatology consultations in Yaoundé. Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton verrucosum are the main pathogens in cause.
喀麦隆缺乏关于甲癣真菌谱的数据，这促使我们开展本研究，旨在确定在喀麦隆雅温得皮肤科会诊中诊断出的甲癣真菌谱。
这是一项于2014年10月至2015年3月在雅温得的六家医院进行的横断面研究。在皮肤科会诊期间连续招募疑似甲癣的患者；记录病史和临床数据，并采集一个或多个指甲碎片进行真菌学检查（直接检查或培养）。
在研究期间共检查了3457名患者，其中117名疑似甲癣；进行了133次采样。远端侧位甲下型是主要类型：72/110；65.5%。133份样本中有110份（82.7%）确诊，这些样本来自96名患者，因此患病率为2.8%（96/3457）。我们分离出99株病菌，其中有两例合并感染。皮肤癣菌（52/99；52.5%），尤其是红色毛癣菌（23/52；44.2%）和疣状毛癣菌（11/52；21.2%）是导致脚趾甲癣的主要病原体，而酵母菌（43/99；43.4%），大多数为白色念珠菌（31/43；72.1%），是手指甲癣的主要病菌。霉菌感染病例很少（4/99；4%）。
甲癣在雅温得的皮肤科会诊中很常见。白色念珠菌、红色毛癣菌和疣状毛癣菌是主要致病病原体。
