Thamboo Andrew, Velasquez Nathalia, Habib Al-Rahim R, Zarabanda David, Paknezhad Hassan, Nayak Jayakar V
Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Laryngoscope. 2017 Aug;127(8):1746-1752. doi: 10.1002/lary.26549. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The validated Empty Nose Syndrome 6-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) identifies empty nose syndrome (ENS) patients. The unvalidated cotton test assesses improvement in ENS-related symptoms. By first validating the cotton test using the ENS6Q, we define the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) score for the ENS6Q.
Individual case-control study.
Fifteen patients diagnosed with ENS and 18 controls with non-ENS sinonasal conditions underwent office cotton placement. Both groups completed ENS6Q testing in three conditions-precotton, cotton in situ, and postcotton-to measure the reproducibility of ENS6Q scoring. Participants also completed a five-item transition scale ranging from "much better" to "much worse" to rate subjective changes in nasal breathing with and without cotton placement. Mean changes for each transition point, and the ENS6Q MCID, were then calculated.
In the precotton condition, significant differences (P < .001) in all ENS6Q questions between ENS and controls were noted. With cotton in situ, nearly all prior ENS6Q differences normalized between ENS and control patients. For ENS patients, the changes in the mean differences between the precotton and cotton in situ conditions compared to postcotton versus cotton in situ conditions were insignificant among individuals. Including all 33 participants, the mean change in the ENS6Q between the parameters "a little better" and "about the same" was 4.25 (standard deviation [SD] = 5.79) and -2.00 (SD = 3.70), giving an MCID of 6.25.
Cotton testing is a validated office test to assess for ENS patients. Cotton testing also helped to determine the MCID of the ENS6Q, which is a 7-point change from the baseline ENS6Q score.
3b. Laryngoscope, 127:1746-1752, 2017.
目的/假设：经过验证的空鼻综合征6项问卷（ENS6Q）可识别空鼻综合征（ENS）患者。未经验证的棉片试验用于评估ENS相关症状的改善情况。通过首先使用ENS6Q验证棉片试验，我们定义了ENS6Q的最小临床重要差异（MCID）评分。
个体病例对照研究。
15例诊断为ENS的患者和18例患有非ENS鼻窦疾病的对照者接受了门诊棉片放置。两组在三个阶段完成ENS6Q测试——放置棉片前、棉片在位时、取出棉片后——以测量ENS6Q评分的可重复性。参与者还完成了一个五项过渡量表，范围从“好多了”到“差多了”，用于评估有无棉片放置时鼻腔呼吸的主观变化。然后计算每个过渡点的平均变化以及ENS6Q的MCID。
在放置棉片前的状态下，ENS患者与对照者在所有ENS6Q问题上均存在显著差异（P < .001）。棉片在位时，ENS患者与对照患者之间几乎所有先前的ENS6Q差异均趋于正常。对于ENS患者，个体在放置棉片前与棉片在位时的平均差异变化与取出棉片后与棉片在位时的平均差异变化相比无显著差异。纳入所有33名参与者后，ENS6Q在“稍好一点”和“差不多”参数之间的平均变化分别为4.25（标准差[SD]=5.79）和 -2.00（SD = 3.70），得出MCID为6.25。
棉片试验是一种经过验证的用于评估ENS患者的门诊检查。棉片试验还有助于确定ENS6Q的MCID，即相对于基线ENS6Q评分有7分的变化。
3b。《喉镜》，127:1746 - 1752，2017年。
