Kuriyama Andrew M, Nakatsuka Austin S, Yamamoto Loren G
Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI.
Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2017 Mar;76(3):77-81.
There is greater attention to head-related injuries and concussions in American football. The helmet's structural safety and the way that football players use their helmets are important in preventing head injuries. Current strategies include penalizing players for high-risk behavior such as leading with their helmet or hitting an opposing player above the shoulder. Passive strategies include helmet modification to better protect the head of the players or to change the playing style of the players. Hawai'i high school varsity football players were surveyed to determine how they use their helmets and how a new helmet design would affect their style of play. One hundred seventy-seven surveys were completed; 79% said that they used their helmet to hit an opposing player during a tackle and 46% said they made this contact intentionally. When asked about modifying helmets with a soft material on the outside, 48% said they thought putting a soft cover over a regular helmet would protect their head better. However, many participants said that putting a soft cover over their regular helmet was a bad idea for various reasons. Most young football players use their helmets to block or tackle despite being taught they would be penalized or potentially injured if they did so. By gaining a better understanding of why and how players use their helmets and how they would respond to new helmet designs, steps can be taken to reduce head injuries for all levels of play.
美式橄榄球运动中对头部相关损伤和脑震荡愈发关注。头盔的结构安全性以及橄榄球运动员使用头盔的方式对于预防头部损伤至关重要。当前的策略包括对诸如用头盔顶人或击打对方球员肩部以上部位等高风险行为进行判罚。被动策略包括改进头盔以更好地保护球员头部或改变球员的比赛风格。对夏威夷高中校队橄榄球运动员进行了调查,以确定他们如何使用头盔以及新的头盔设计将如何影响他们的比赛风格。共完成了177份调查问卷;79%的人表示他们在擒抱时会用头盔击打对方球员,46%的人表示他们是故意这样接触的。当被问及是否会在头盔外部使用柔软材料进行改进时,48%的人表示他们认为在普通头盔上套一个软罩会更好地保护头部。然而,许多参与者表示,出于各种原因,在普通头盔上套软罩不是个好主意。尽管被告知如果这样做会受到判罚或可能受伤,但大多数年轻橄榄球运动员仍会用头盔进行阻挡或擒抱。通过更好地了解球员使用头盔的原因和方式以及他们对新头盔设计的反应,可以采取措施减少各级比赛中的头部损伤。