Gupta Aishwaraya, Kaul Bhavna, Gulbar Syed, Kashani Rumisa Nazim, Rajput Sonam, Kaul Aadhar
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Government Dental College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024 Nov;17(11):1258-1264. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3004. Epub 2024 Dec 19.
Orofacial cleft is among the most common craniofacial malformations. It presents a complex and multifactorial etiology that involves genetic and environmental factors. One of the etiological factors is consanguinity (marriage between blood relatives). Multiple environmental risk factors, such as advanced maternal age, parity, maternal smoking, radiation, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, and maternal use of drugs (i.e., anticonvulsants), folic acid deficiency, etc., have also been linked to the development of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). There is a dearth of literature reporting the occurrence of cleft due to consanguinity and other risk factors.
The aim of this study is to describe the orofacial cleft demographics and to determine the influence of parental consanguinity and other associated risk factors on the occurrence of orofacial clefts (OFC) at a tertiary healthcare hospital in Jammu Province.
This was a hospital-based case-control study. In the present study, data collection was specifically done regarding demographic features, history of consanguinity, degree of consanguinity, and other associated maternal risk factors in both the cleft and control groups.
This study elucidates a significant association between parental consanguinity, degree of consanguinity, and other associated risk factors (i.e., maternal age ≥30 years, birth order ≥3, maternal smoking, alcohol consumption, and lack of folic acid consumption) with the occurrence of OFC.
Prevention is better than cure. Awareness programs and appropriate counseling should be conducted to educate the community about the risk factors and the anticipated genetic consequences of consanguinity to prevent the development of cleft anomalies in such populations.
Gupta A, Kaul B, Gulbar S, Orofacial Cleft and Its Association with Consanguineous Marriage and Other Risk Factors: A Case-control Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jammu Province. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(11):1258-1264.
口面部裂隙是最常见的颅面畸形之一。其病因复杂且具有多因素性，涉及遗传和环境因素。病因之一是近亲结婚（血亲之间的婚姻）。多种环境风险因素，如母亲年龄较大、多胎妊娠、母亲吸烟、辐射、饮酒、糖尿病以及母亲使用药物（如抗惊厥药）、叶酸缺乏等，也与唇裂和/或腭裂（CL/P）的发生有关。关于近亲结婚及其他风险因素导致裂隙发生的文献报道较少。
本研究的目的是描述口面部裂隙的人口统计学特征，并确定在查谟省一家三级医疗医院中，父母近亲结婚及其他相关风险因素对口面部裂隙（OFC）发生的影响。
这是一项基于医院的病例对照研究。在本研究中，专门收集了腭裂组和对照组的人口统计学特征、近亲结婚史、近亲结婚程度以及其他相关的母亲风险因素的数据。
本研究阐明了父母近亲结婚、近亲结婚程度以及其他相关风险因素（即母亲年龄≥30岁、生育顺序≥3、母亲吸烟、饮酒以及缺乏叶酸摄入）与口面部裂隙发生之间存在显著关联。
预防胜于治疗。应开展提高认识的项目并进行适当的咨询，以教育社区了解风险因素以及近亲结婚可能产生的遗传后果，从而预防此类人群中腭裂畸形的发生。
Gupta A, Kaul B, Gulbar S, 口面部裂隙及其与近亲结婚和其他风险因素的关联：来自查谟省一家三级护理医院的病例对照研究。《国际临床儿科牙科学杂志》2024；17(11):1258 - 1264。
