De Santis Maria Chiara, Sala Valentina, Martini Miriam, Ferrero Giovanni Battista, Hirsch Emilio
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy.
Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2017 Mar 29;9(4):30. doi: 10.3390/cancers9040030.
The members of the PhosphoInositide-3 Kinase (PI3K) protein family are well-known regulators of proliferative signals. By the generation of lipid second messengers, they mediate the activation of AKT/PKB (AKT) and mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Although mutations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway are highly characterized in cancer, recent evidence indicates that alterations in the proliferative signals are major drivers of other diseases such as overgrowth disorders and polycystic kidney disease. In this review, we briefly summarize the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in cell proliferation by comparing the effect of alterations in PI3K enzymes in different tissues. In particular, we discuss the most recent findings on how the same pathway may lead to different biological effects, due to the convergence and cooperation of different signaling cascades.
磷酸肌醇-3激酶（PI3K）蛋白家族成员是众所周知的增殖信号调节因子。通过生成脂质第二信使，它们介导AKT/蛋白激酶B（AKT）和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）信号通路的激活。尽管PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路中的突变在癌症中具有高度特征性，但最近的证据表明，增殖信号的改变是其他疾病（如过度生长障碍和多囊肾病）的主要驱动因素。在本综述中，我们通过比较不同组织中PI3K酶改变的影响，简要总结了PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路在细胞增殖中的作用。特别是，我们讨论了由于不同信号级联的汇聚和协作，同一信号通路如何导致不同生物学效应的最新发现。
