Huijts Tim, Stornes Per, Eikemo Terje A, Bambra Clare
Department of Sociology, Wentworth College, University of York Heslington, York, UK.
Department of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Eur J Public Health. 2017 Feb 1;27(suppl_1):55-62. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw231.
Previous studies comparing the social and behavioural determinants of health in Europe have largely focused on individual countries or combined data from various national surveys. In this article, we present the findings from the new rotating module on social determinants of health in the European Social Survey (ESS) (2014) to obtain the first comprehensive comparison of estimates on the prevalence of the following social and behavioural determinants of health: working conditions, access to healthcare, housing quality, unpaid care, childhood conditions and health behaviours.
We used the 7th round of the ESS. We present separate results for men and women. All estimates were age-standardized in each separate country using a consistent metric. We show country-specific results as well as pooled estimates for the combined cross-national sample.
We found that social and behavioural factors that have a clear impact on physical and mental health, such as lack of healthcare access, risk behaviour and poor working conditions, are reported by substantial numbers of people in most European countries. Furthermore, our results highlight considerable cross-national variation in social and behavioural determinants of health across European countries.
Substantial numbers of Europeans are exposed to social and behavioural determinants of health problems. Moreover, the extent to which people experience these social and behavioural factors varies cross-nationally. Future research should examine in more detail how these factors are associated with physical and mental health outcomes, and how these associations vary across countries.
以往比较欧洲健康的社会和行为决定因素的研究主要集中在个别国家或综合来自各种全国性调查的数据。在本文中，我们展示了欧洲社会调查（ESS）（2014年）中关于健康社会决定因素的新轮换模块的研究结果，以首次全面比较以下健康的社会和行为决定因素的流行率估计：工作条件、医疗保健可及性、住房质量、无偿护理、童年状况和健康行为。
我们使用了ESS的第7轮调查。我们分别展示了男性和女性的结果。在每个单独的国家，所有估计值都使用一致的指标进行了年龄标准化。我们展示了特定国家的结果以及跨国合并样本的汇总估计值。
我们发现，大多数欧洲国家有相当数量的人报告了对身心健康有明显影响的社会和行为因素，如缺乏医疗保健可及性、危险行为和恶劣的工作条件。此外，我们的结果突出了欧洲国家在健康的社会和行为决定因素方面存在相当大的跨国差异。
大量欧洲人面临健康问题的社会和行为决定因素。此外，人们经历这些社会和行为因素的程度在不同国家有所不同。未来的研究应更详细地研究这些因素如何与身心健康结果相关联，以及这些关联在不同国家之间如何变化。
