Bai L X, Yang L, Duan D P, Xu X Y, Li Z, Liu Y M
Examination Center of Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Feb 20;35(2):127-130. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.02.011.
To investigate the prevalence of breast and gynecological diseases in female workers in the administrative office and workshop of an automobile part factory, and to provide a basis for promoting the health of female workers. In March 2015, color ultrasound examination of the breast, uterus, and bilateral adnexa was performed for all female workers, and routine gynecological examination, routine leucorrhea examination, and thinprep liquid-based cytology test were performed for married female workers. The detection rates of breast and gynecological diseases in female workers in the administrative office and workshop were analyzed. In the 314 female workers, the overall detection rate of breast and gynecological diseases was 86.31%; the detection rate of abnormal breast ultrasound results was 72.93%, mainly breast hyperplasia; the detection rate of abnormal gynecological ultrasound results was 12.14%, mainly hysteromyoma, pelvic effusion, and uterus-rectum fossa effusion. The overall detection rate of cervicitis or vaginitis in married female workers was 66.86%. The univariate analysis showed that compared with those in the administrative office, the female workers in the workshop had significantly higher detection rates of breast hyperplasia and grade 2 breast lesions on the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) and significantly lower detection rates of hysteromyoma and grade 3 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (all <0.05) . The multivariate analysis showed that age was a risk factor for hysteromyoma (=1.261) , age and working in the workshop were risk factors for breast hyperplasia (=1.065 and 1.834) , married status was a protective factor against breast hyperplasia and grade 2 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (=0.334 and 0.450) , and working in workshop was a risk factor for grade 2 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (=1.890) and a protective factor against grade 3 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (=0.355) . Female workers in an automobile part factory have high prevalence rates of breast and gynecological diseases. Night shifts for female workers in the workshop should be reduced as much as possible, and female workers, especially those in the administrative office, should be guided to release pressure and take a balanced diet.
为调查某汽车零部件厂行政办公室及车间女职工乳腺及妇科疾病的患病率，为促进女职工健康提供依据。2015年3月，对全体女职工进行乳腺、子宫及双侧附件的彩色超声检查，对已婚女职工进行常规妇科检查、常规白带检查及薄层液基细胞学检测。分析行政办公室及车间女职工乳腺及妇科疾病的检出率。在314名女职工中，乳腺及妇科疾病的总体检出率为86.31%；乳腺超声检查结果异常的检出率为72.93%，主要为乳腺增生；妇科超声检查结果异常的检出率为12.14%，主要为子宫肌瘤、盆腔积液及子宫直肠窝积液。已婚女职工宫颈炎或阴道炎的总体检出率为66.86%。单因素分析显示，与行政办公室的女职工相比，车间的女职工乳腺增生及乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）2级乳腺病变的检出率显著更高，而子宫肌瘤及BI-RADS 3级乳腺病变的检出率显著更低（均P<0.05）。多因素分析显示，年龄是子宫肌瘤的危险因素（β=1.261），年龄及在车间工作是乳腺增生的危险因素（β=1.065及1.834），已婚状态是BI-RADS 2级乳腺病变及乳腺增生的保护因素（β=0.334及0.450），在车间工作是BI-RADS 2级乳腺病变的危险因素（β=1.890）及BI-RADS 3级乳腺病变的保护因素（β=0.355）。某汽车零部件厂女职工乳腺及妇科疾病患病率较高。应尽可能减少车间女职工的夜班，应引导女职工，尤其是行政办公室的女职工释放压力并均衡饮食。
