Polčic Peter, Jaká Petra, Mentel Marek
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Microb Cell. 2015 Mar 2;2(3):74-87. doi: 10.15698/mic2015.03.193.
Permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane that leads to the release of cytochrome and several other apoptogenic proteins from mitochondria into cytosol represents a commitment point of apoptotic pathway in mammalian cells. This crucial event is governed by proteins of the Bcl-2 family. Molecular mechanisms, by which Bcl-2 family proteins permeabilize mitochondrial membrane, remain under dispute. Although yeast does not have apparent homologues of these proteins, when mammalian members of Bcl-2 family are expressed in yeast, they retain their activity, making yeast an attractive model system, in which to study their action. This review focuses on using yeast expressing mammalian proteins of the Bcl-2 family as a tool to investigate mechanisms, by which these proteins permeabilize mitochondrial membranes, mechanisms, by which pro- and antiapoptotic members of this family interact, and involvement of other cellular components in the regulation of programmed cell death by Bcl-2 family proteins.
线粒体外膜的通透化作用会导致细胞色素以及其他几种凋亡诱导蛋白从线粒体释放到细胞质中，这是哺乳动物细胞凋亡途径的一个关键节点。这一关键事件受Bcl-2家族蛋白调控。Bcl-2家族蛋白使线粒体膜通透化的分子机制仍存在争议。尽管酵母没有这些蛋白的明显同源物，但当Bcl-2家族的哺乳动物成员在酵母中表达时，它们仍保留其活性，这使得酵母成为一个有吸引力的模型系统，可用于研究它们的作用。本综述重点关注利用表达Bcl-2家族哺乳动物蛋白的酵母作为工具，来研究这些蛋白使线粒体膜通透化的机制、该家族促凋亡和抗凋亡成员相互作用的机制，以及其他细胞成分在Bcl-2家族蛋白对程序性细胞死亡调控中的参与情况。
