Laraqui Salwa, Laraqui Omar, Manar Nadia, Ghailan Tarik, Belabsir Mohamed, Deschamps Frederic, Laraqui Chakib H
Ecole supérieure d'ingénierie de la santé, Casablanca Association marocaine de recherche en santé au travail, 39, Bd Lalla Yacout, Casablanca, Maroc.
Int Marit Health. 2017;68(1):26-30. doi: 10.5603/IMH.2017.0005.
The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of seafarers in relation to sexually transmitted infections (STI) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
This transversal, descriptive and behavioural study was conducted in 2014 on a representative sample of 1447 seafarers.
The rate of participation was 95%. The mean age was 36.1 ± 8.2 years. Knowledge about transmission and prevention mode was satisfactory on HIV/AIDS; however, some misconceptions still persist. The level of stigmatisation and discrimination towards people living with the virus was considered high. The prevalence of sexual high-risk behaviour was significant: 32% had at least two sexual partners and 26.3% have had sex with sex workers, 60% of them were not protected; 42.8% have never used the condom and only 15.1% used it systematically. The sailors who had sexual intercourse under the influence of alcohol or drugs are less protected. As too HIV testing, only 10.2% did it.
This study showed a gap in knowledge about transmission and prevention of HIV infection/AIDS and sexual risk behaviour. Increasing awareness and information among seafarers is of prime importance.
本研究旨在评估海员对性传播感染（STI）以及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的知识、态度和行为。
2014年对1447名海员的代表性样本进行了这项横断面、描述性和行为学研究。
参与率为95%。平均年龄为36.1±8.2岁。关于HIV/AIDS的传播和预防方式的知识令人满意；然而，一些误解仍然存在。对病毒携带者的污名化和歧视程度被认为较高。性高风险行为的患病率很高：32%的人至少有两个性伴侣，26.3%的人与性工作者发生过性行为，其中60%未采取保护措施；42.8%的人从未使用过避孕套，只有15.1%的人有规律地使用。在酒精或药物影响下发生性行为的海员受到的保护较少。至于HIV检测，只有10.2%的人进行过检测。
本研究表明，海员在HIV感染/AIDS的传播和预防知识以及性风险行为方面存在差距。提高海员的认识和信息至关重要。
