Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro. Italy.
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2017;17(9):819-838. doi: 10.2174/1568009617666170330154756.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell neoplasm accounting for about 10% of all hematologic malignancies. Recently, emerging evidence is disclosing the complexity of bone marrow interactions between MM cells and infiltrating immune cells, which have been reported to promote proliferation, survival and drug resistance of tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules with regulatory functions in the cell, whose expression has predictive and prognostic value in different malignancies. MiRNAs are gaining increasing interest due to their capability to polarize the immune-response through different mechanisms, which include the molecular reprogramming of immune cells. This characteristic, together with the antitumor activity of miRNA mimics or inhibitors, make the miRNA network an attractive area of investigation for novel anti-MM therapeutic approaches. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the interplay between MM cells and bone marrow resident immune cells, with special focus on the molecular and functional changes induced by miRNA network modulation. We will finally indicate potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种不可治愈的浆细胞瘤，约占所有血液系统恶性肿瘤的 10%。最近，越来越多的证据揭示了骨髓瘤细胞与浸润免疫细胞之间骨髓相互作用的复杂性，这些相互作用已被报道可促进肿瘤细胞的增殖、存活和耐药性。微小 RNA（miRNA）是具有细胞调节功能的小非编码 RNA 分子，其在不同恶性肿瘤中的表达具有预测和预后价值。miRNA 由于能够通过不同机制（包括免疫细胞的分子重编程）使免疫反应极化，因此越来越受到关注。这一特性，加上 miRNA 模拟物或抑制剂的抗肿瘤活性，使 miRNA 网络成为一种有吸引力的新的抗 MM 治疗方法的研究领域。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论对 MM 细胞与骨髓固有免疫细胞之间相互作用的理解的最新进展，特别关注 miRNA 网络调节所诱导的分子和功能变化。我们将最后指出潜在的治疗干预靶点。
