Pajor E M, Eggers S M, Curfs K C J, Oenema A, de Vries H
Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Appetite. 2017 Jul 1;114:161-168. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.036. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
In the Netherlands, the prevalence of dietary supplement use has doubled (from 17 to 40 per cent) since the 1980s. Yet, limited data is available on which socio-cognitive factors are associated with dietary supplement use. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to explain dietary supplement use with determinants deriving from the Integrated Change Model (ICM) and from formative research.
METHOD/DESIGN: Socio-cognitive and psychosocial factors were measured among users and non-users of dietary supplements in a longitudinal survey study, with measurements at baseline (N = 1448) and at one-month follow-up (N = 1161). Negative binomial regression analysis was applied to de data.
Intention emerged as the main predictor of dietary supplement use (OR = 1.99). Further predictors of dietary supplement use with smaller effect-sizes were: health regulatory focus (promotion, OR = 1.46), social modelling (OR = 1.44), attitude (pros, OR = 1.37), attitude (cons, OR = 0.87), health locus of control (OR = 0.77), and risk perception (chance of getting ill, OR = 1.22).
Individuals tend to use dietary supplements if they are promotion oriented, notice dietary supplement users in their social environment, estimate their chances of getting ill higher, and have positive attitudes towards dietary supplements. In contrast, non-users believe that external factors affect their health, and hold negative attitudes towards dietary supplements.
Mapping out individuals' socio-cognitive profile may contribute to the development of online health communication. Based on socio-cognitive and demographical factors, personalised advice can be given about dietary supplement use.
自20世纪80年代以来，荷兰膳食补充剂的使用普及率翻了一番（从17%增至40%）。然而，关于哪些社会认知因素与膳食补充剂的使用相关的数据有限。因此，本研究的目的是用源自综合变化模型（ICM）和形成性研究的决定因素来解释膳食补充剂的使用情况。
方法/设计：在一项纵向调查研究中，对膳食补充剂使用者和非使用者的社会认知及心理社会因素进行了测量，在基线（N = 1448）和1个月随访时（N = 1161）进行了测量。对数据应用了负二项回归分析。
意向成为膳食补充剂使用的主要预测因素（比值比=1.99）。膳食补充剂使用的其他预测因素，效应量较小的有：健康调节焦点（促进，比值比=1.46）、社会榜样（比值比=1.44）、态度（支持，比值比=1.37）、态度（反对，比值比=0.87）、健康控制点（比值比=0.77）和风险认知（患病几率，比值比=1.22）。
如果个体以促进为导向、在其社会环境中注意到膳食补充剂使用者、估计自己患病几率较高且对膳食补充剂持积极态度，他们往往会使用膳食补充剂。相比之下，非使用者认为外部因素影响他们的健康，并对膳食补充剂持消极态度。
勾勒出个体的社会认知概况可能有助于在线健康沟通的发展。基于社会认知和人口统计学因素，可以就膳食补充剂的使用给出个性化建议。
