Balkir Neftçi Nazlı, Barnow Sven
Department of Psychology, Işık University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2016 Mar;53(1):72-79. doi: 10.5152/npa.2016.12666. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
Over the last decades, Europe has become an immigration country hosting an estimated 56 million international immigrants. Yet, a large amount of literature suggests that migration is associated with a higher risk of common mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. As representatives of one of the largest immigrant groups in Europe, various studies have shown that Turkish immigrants exhibit a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders than do the background population. Nevertheless, it is also well demonstrated that this particular patient group is more likely to terminate treatment prematurely and displays lower rates of treatment compliance than their native counterparts. This reluctance for service utilization might be partially because of the fact that people from non-Western ethno-cultural backgrounds (e.g., Turkey) often have a different notion and comprehension of mental health and illness as compared with those of the people from Western societies. Such mismatch often results in discrepancies between the needs and expectations of immigrant patients and clinicians, which attenuate the communication and effectiveness of treatment and lead to unexplained high dropout rates. To provide continued provision of culture-sensitive, high quality, evidence-based mental health care, the advancement of researches exploring such sociocultural differences between the patients' and the clinicians' notions of mental health must occur. In response to these problems, the current review aims to explore the interplay between culture and mental processes that associate with the etiology, maintenance, and management of depression among Turkish immigrant patients. This is to inform clinicians regarding culture-specific correlates of depression among Turkish patients to enable them to present interventions that fit the needs and expectations of this particular patient group.
在过去几十年里，欧洲已成为一个移民国家，接纳了约5600万国际移民。然而，大量文献表明，移民与患常见精神障碍（如抑郁症和焦虑症）的较高风险相关。作为欧洲最大移民群体之一的代表，各种研究表明，土耳其移民患抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率高于当地人群。尽管如此，也有充分证据表明，这一特殊患者群体比其本国同龄人更有可能过早终止治疗，且治疗依从率较低。这种不愿利用医疗服务的情况可能部分是因为，与西方社会的人相比，来自非西方种族文化背景（如土耳其）的人对心理健康和疾病往往有不同的观念和理解。这种不匹配往往导致移民患者与临床医生的需求和期望之间存在差异，从而削弱了治疗的沟通效果和有效性，并导致不明原因的高辍学率。为了持续提供对文化敏感、高质量、循证的心理健康护理，必须推进研究，探索患者与临床医生在心理健康观念上的这种社会文化差异。针对这些问题，本综述旨在探讨文化与心理过程之间的相互作用，这些相互作用与土耳其移民患者抑郁症的病因、维持和管理相关。这是为了让临床医生了解土耳其患者抑郁症的文化特异性相关因素，使他们能够提供符合这一特殊患者群体需求和期望的干预措施。
