Ay Rukiye, Böke Ömer, Pazvantoğlu Ozan, Şahin Ahmet Rıfat, Sarisoy Gökhan, Arik Ali Cezmi, Güz Hatice
Departmen of Psychiatry, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
Department of Psychiatry, Sokrates Psychiatry Center, İzmir, Turkey.
Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2016 Dec;53(4):338-343. doi: 10.5152/npa.2016.10223. Epub 2016 Dec 1.
Social cognition is a person's ability to configure the designs of relationships between themselves and others and to use these designs to guide social behaviors in a flexible manner. The models that are the most studied and describe social cognition are the theory of mind (ToM) and emotion recognition. This study was aimed to detect ToM and emotion recognition disorders in schizophrenia patients and their first-degree relatives.
Thirty schizophrenia patients in remission, the first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients (n=30), and 30 healthy volunteers who were paired with the patients in terms of age and duration of education were included in the study. The Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), Dokuz-Eylül Theory of Mind Scale (DEToMS), Reading the Mind in the Eyes test, Facial Emotion Identification Test (FEIT), and Facial Emotion Discrimination Test (FEDT) were performed by the patients participating in this study.
ToM and emotion recognition were found to be defective in the schizophrenia patients and their relatives. The performances of ToM and emotion recognition were ranked as the schizophrenia group, family group, and control group, from the worst to the best. The schizophrenia group showed poor performance in all sub-components except irony. In the family group, the empathy subcomponent showed similar performance with the control group, whereas the subcomponents of the second-order false belief, metaphor, and faux pas tests showed similar performance with the patient group. There were differences among the three groups in the first-order false belief subscale as well as the total DEToMS. The patient and family groups showed the poorest performances, whereas the control group showed the best performance.
The detection of ToM and emotion recognition disorders in the remission period, regardless of the attack period and asymptomatic first-degree relatives, may support the view that the period of schizophrenia is an independent continuous variable.
社会认知是一个人构建自身与他人关系模式并灵活运用这些模式指导社会行为的能力。研究最多且描述社会认知的模型是心理理论（ToM）和情绪识别。本研究旨在检测精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属的心理理论和情绪识别障碍。
本研究纳入了30名处于缓解期的精神分裂症患者、精神分裂症患者的一级亲属（n = 30）以及30名在年龄和受教育年限方面与患者匹配的健康志愿者。参与本研究的患者进行了阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、多库兹-艾吕尔心理理论量表（DEToMS）、读心术测试、面部情绪识别测试（FEIT）以及面部情绪辨别测试（FEDT）。
发现精神分裂症患者及其亲属存在心理理论和情绪识别缺陷。心理理论和情绪识别的表现从最差到最佳依次为精神分裂症组、家族组和对照组。精神分裂症组在除反讽外的所有子成分中表现不佳。在家族组中，共情子成分与对照组表现相似，而二阶错误信念、隐喻和失礼测试的子成分与患者组表现相似。三组在一阶错误信念子量表以及DEToMS总分上存在差异。患者组和家族组表现最差，而对照组表现最佳。
在缓解期检测到心理理论和情绪识别障碍，无论发作期情况以及无症状的一级亲属情况如何，可能支持精神分裂症病程是一个独立连续变量的观点。
