Diederich Kai, Bastl Anna, Wersching Heike, Teuber Anja, Strecker Jan-Kolja, Schmidt Antje, Minnerup Jens, Schäbitz Wolf-Rüdiger
Department of Neurology, University of Münster Münster, Germany.
Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster Münster, Germany.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2017 Mar 16;11:47. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00047. eCollection 2017.
It is well established that physical exercise affects both hippocampal neurogenesis and memory functions. Until now, distinctive effects of controlled and voluntary training (VT) on behavior and neurogenesis as well as interactions between exercise intensity, neurogenesis and memory performance are still elusive. The present study tested the impact of moderate controlled and VT on memory formation and hippocampal neurogenesis and evaluated interactions between exercise performance, learning efficiency and proliferation of progenitor cells in the hippocampus. Our data show that both controlled and VT augmented spatial learning and promoted hippocampal neurogenesis. Regression analysis revealed a significant linear increase of the amount of new hippocampal neurons with increased exercise intensity. Regression analysis of exercise performance on retention memory performance revealed a quadratic, inverted u-shaped relationship between exercise performance and retention of spatial memory. No association was found between the amount of newborn neurons and memory performance. Our results demonstrate that controlled training (CT), if performed with an appropriate combination of speed and duration, improves memory performance and neurogenesis. Voluntary exercise elevates neurogenesis dose dependently to high levels. Best cognitive improvement was achieved with moderate exercise performance.
体育锻炼会影响海马体神经发生和记忆功能，这一点已得到充分证实。到目前为止，控制性训练和自主训练（VT）对行为和神经发生的独特影响，以及运动强度、神经发生和记忆表现之间的相互作用仍然难以捉摸。本研究测试了中度控制性训练和自主训练对记忆形成和海马体神经发生的影响，并评估了运动表现、学习效率和海马体祖细胞增殖之间的相互作用。我们的数据表明，控制性训练和自主训练都增强了空间学习能力并促进了海马体神经发生。回归分析显示，随着运动强度增加，新的海马体神经元数量显著线性增加。对运动表现与记忆保持表现进行回归分析，结果显示运动表现与空间记忆保持之间呈二次倒U形关系。未发现新生神经元数量与记忆表现之间存在关联。我们的结果表明，控制性训练（CT）如果以适当的速度和持续时间组合进行，可改善记忆表现和神经发生。自主运动可使神经发生剂量依赖性地提高到高水平。适度的运动表现可实现最佳的认知改善。
