School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China.
Chemosphere. 2017 Jul;179:29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.095. Epub 2017 Mar 25.
The distribution of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) including ∑PBDEs, DBDPE, BTBPE, EH-TBB, BEH-TEBP and PBEB in road dust (RD) collected in Xinxiang, China was characterized. Analysis of RD samples indicated that the BFR abundance declined as traffic density decreased, with total mean levels of 292, 184, 163, 104 and 70 ng g dust at sites from traffic intersections, main roads, collector streets, bypasses and parks, respectively. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is that the majority of BFRs may be emitted from the interior of vehicles via their ventilation systems. Of the 13 analyzed substances, BDE-209 and BEH-TEBP were the most abundant components in RD from Xinxiang. Similar amounts of ∑BDEs excluding BDE-209 were found at different types of sampling sites, and thus, atmospheric deposition is also a probable source of BFRs in RD which can be subject to air transportation. The main PBDE sources were traced to commercial products including DE-71, Bromkal 79-8DE, Saytex 201E and Bromkal 82 DE mixtures. Our results confirm that the use of deca-BDE commercial mixture is a major source of PBDE contamination in RD. Risk assessment indicated the concentrations of BFRs in RD in this study do not constitute a non-cancer or cancer risk to humans through ingestion. Annual emission fluxes of the commonly detected BFRs via RD in China were estimated to be up to 4980 kg year.
本研究对中国新乡市道路灰尘（RD）中溴系阻燃剂（BFRs），包括∑PBDEs、DBDPE、BTBPE、EH-TBB、BEH-TEBP 和 PBEB 的分布进行了研究。分析 RD 样品表明，BFR 丰度随交通密度的降低而降低，在来自交通路口、主要道路、收集街道、旁路和公园的采样点处，总平均水平分别为 292、184、163、104 和 70ng/g 灰尘。这种现象的一个可能解释是，大多数 BFRs 可能是通过车辆的通风系统从车辆内部排放出来的。在所分析的 13 种物质中，BDE-209 和 BEH-TEBP 是新乡 RD 中最丰富的成分。在不同类型的采样点发现，∑BDEs 中除 BDE-209 以外的含量相似，因此，大气沉降也是 RD 中 BFRs 的一个可能来源，这些 BFRs 可能会通过空气运输。主要 PBDE 来源可追溯到商用产品，包括 DE-71、Bromkal 79-8DE、Saytex 201E 和 Bromkal 82 DE 混合物。我们的研究结果证实，十溴联苯醚商用混合物的使用是 RD 中 PBDE 污染的主要来源。风险评估表明，本研究中 RD 中 BFRs 的浓度通过摄入对人类不会构成非癌症或癌症风险。通过 RD 估算，中国每年常见 BFRs 的排放量高达 4980kg 年。
