Ratovitski Edward A
Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Curr Genomics. 2017 Apr;18(2):175-205. doi: 10.2174/1389202917666160803165229.
Accumulating evidence shows that hallmarks of cancer include: "genetic and epigenetic alterations leading to inactivation of cancer suppressors, overexpression of oncogenes, deregulation of intracellular signaling cascades, alterations of cancer cell metabolism, failure to undergo cancer cell death, induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, invasiveness, metastasis, deregulation of immune response and changes in cancer microenvironment, which underpin cancer development". Natural compounds as bioactive ingredients isolated from natural sources (plants, fungi, marine life forms) have revolutionized the field of anticancer therapeutics and rapid developments in preclinical studies are encouraging. Natural compounds could affect the epigenetic molecular mechanisms that modulate gene expression, as well as DNA damage and repair mechanisms. The current review will describe the latest achievements in using naturally produced compounds targeting epigenetic regulators and modulators of gene transcription in vitro and in vivo to generate novel anticancer therapeutics.
越来越多的证据表明，癌症的特征包括：“导致抑癌基因失活的遗传和表观遗传改变、癌基因的过度表达、细胞内信号级联的失调、癌细胞代谢的改变、癌细胞无法发生死亡、上皮-间质转化的诱导、侵袭性、转移、免疫反应的失调以及癌症微环境的变化，这些是癌症发展的基础”。天然化合物作为从天然来源（植物、真菌、海洋生物）中分离出的生物活性成分，已经彻底改变了抗癌治疗领域，临床前研究的快速发展令人鼓舞。天然化合物可以影响调节基因表达的表观遗传分子机制，以及DNA损伤和修复机制。本综述将描述在体外和体内使用天然产生的化合物靶向表观遗传调节因子和基因转录调节因子以产生新型抗癌疗法方面的最新成果。
