Ross James A, Keogh Justin W L, Wilson Cameron J, Lorenzen Christian
School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Cluster for Health Improvement, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
PeerJ. 2017 Mar 29;5:e3111. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3111. eCollection 2017.
Kettlebell lifting has gained increased popularity as both a form of resistance training and as a sport, despite the paucity of literature validating its use as a training tool. Kettlebell sport requires participants to complete the kettlebell snatch continuously over prolonged periods of time. Kettlebell sport and weightlifting involve similar exercises, however, their traditional uses suggest they are better suited to training different fitness qualities. This study examined the three-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) and force applied to the kettlebell over a 6 min kettlebell snatch set in 12 kettlebell-trained males.
During this set, VICON was used to record the kettlebell trajectory with nine infrared cameras while the GRF of each leg was recorded with a separate AMTI force plate. Over the course of the set, an average of 13.9 ± 3.3 repetitions per minute were performed with a 24 kg kettlebell. Significance was evaluated with a two-way ANOVA and paired -tests, whilst Cohen's F (ESF) and Cohen's D (ESD) were used to determine the magnitude.
The applied force at the point of maximum acceleration was 814 ± 75 N and 885 ± 86 N for the downwards and upwards phases, respectively. The absolute peak resultant bilateral GRF was 1,746 ± 217 N and 1,768 ± 242 N for the downwards and upwards phases, respectively. Bilateral GRF of the first and last 14 repetitions was found to be similar, however there was a significant difference in the peak applied force ( (1.11) = 7.42, = 0.02, ESF = 0.45). Unilateral GRF was found have a significant difference for the absolute anterior-posterior ( (1.11) = 885.15, < 0.0001, ESF = 7) and medio-lateral force vectors ( (1.11) = 5.31, = 0.042, ESF = 0.67).
Over the course of a single repetition there were significant differences in the GRF and applied force at multiple points of the kettlebells trajectory. The kettlebell snatch loads each leg differently throughout a repetition and performing the kettlebell snatch for 6 min will result in a reduction in peak applied force.
尽管缺乏验证壶铃作为训练工具有效性的文献，但壶铃训练作为一种抗阻训练形式和一项运动越来越受欢迎。壶铃运动要求参与者在较长时间内持续完成壶铃抓举动作。壶铃运动和举重涉及相似的练习，然而，它们的传统用途表明它们更适合训练不同的身体素质。本研究在12名接受过壶铃训练的男性中，对6分钟壶铃抓举组中的三维地面反作用力（GRF）和施加在壶铃上的力进行了研究。
在这一组练习中，使用VICON的九个红外摄像机记录壶铃轨迹，同时用单独的AMTI测力台记录每条腿的GRF。在这一组练习过程中，使用24公斤的壶铃，平均每分钟完成13.9±3.3次重复动作。采用双向方差分析和配对检验评估显著性，同时使用科恩F值（ESF）和科恩D值（ESD）确定幅度。
在最大加速度点，向下和向上阶段施加的力分别为814±75牛和885±86牛。向下和向上阶段双侧GRF的绝对峰值分别为1746±217牛和1768±242牛。发现前14次和最后14次重复动作的双侧GRF相似，然而，峰值施加力存在显著差异（F(1,11)=7.42，P = 0.02，ESF = 0.45）。发现单侧GRF在绝对前后向力矢量（F(1,11)=885.15，P < 0.0001，ESF = 7）和内外侧力矢量（F(1,11)=5.31，P = 0.042，ESF = 0.67）方面存在显著差异。
在单次重复过程中，壶铃轨迹多个点的GRF和施加力存在显著差异。在一次重复动作中，壶铃抓举对每条腿的负荷不同，进行6分钟的壶铃抓举会导致峰值施加力降低。
