Lovastatin Reduces Stemness via Epigenetic Reprograming of and in Human Endometrium and Endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE

The stem cell theory in the endometriosis provides an advanced avenue of targeting these cells as a novel therapy to eliminate endometriosis. In this regard, studies showed that lovastatin alters the cells from a stem-like state to more differentiated condition and reduces stemness. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lovastatin treatment could influence expression and methylation patterns of genes regulating differentiation of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) such as , and as well as eMSCs markers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this experimental investigation, MSCs were isolated from endometrial and endometriotic tissues and treated with lovastatin and decitabin. To investigate the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of eMSCs treated with the different concentration of lovastatin and decitabin, , and expressions were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To determine involvement of DNA methylation in and gene regulations of eMSCs, we used quantitative Methylation Specific PCR (qMSP) for evaluation of the promoter status and differentially methylated region of exon 4.

RESULTS

In the present study, treatment with lovastatin increased expression of and and induced promoter demethylation. We also demonstrated that lovastatin treatment down-regulated expression via inducing methylation. In addition, the results indicated that CD146 cell marker was decreased to 53% in response to lovastatin treatment compared to untreated group.

CONCLUSION

These findings indicated that lovastatin treatment could increase the differentiation of eMSCs toward osteogenic and adiogenic lineages, while it decreased expression of eMSCs markers and subsequently reduced the stemness.