Bliss-Moreau Eliza, Moadab Gilda, Capitanio John P
Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, California.
California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California.
Dev Psychobiol. 2017 May;59(4):551-556. doi: 10.1002/dev.21513. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
While it is now well known that social deprivation during early development permanently perturbs affective responding, accumulating evidence suggests that less severe restriction of the early social environment may also have deleterious effects. In the present report, we evaluate the affective responding of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) infants raised by their mothers in restricted social environments or by their mothers in large social groups by indexing autonomic nervous system activity. Following a 25-hr evaluation of biobehavioral organization, electrocardiogram, and an index of respiration were recorded for 10 min. This allowed for an evaluation of both heart rate and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of parasympathetic activity, during a challenging situation. Three- to four-month-old infants raised in restricted social environments had significantly higher heart rates and lower RSA as compared to infants raised in unrestricted social environments, consistent with a more potent stress response to the procedure. These results are consistent with mounting evidence that the environment in which individuals are raised has important consequences for affective processing.
虽然现在大家都清楚地知道，早期发育过程中的社会剥夺会永久性地扰乱情感反应，但越来越多的证据表明，对早期社会环境的限制没那么严重也可能产生有害影响。在本报告中，我们通过对自主神经系统活动进行索引，评估了在受限社会环境中由母亲抚养长大的恒河猴（猕猴）幼崽，以及在大型社会群体中由母亲抚养长大的恒河猴幼崽的情感反应。在对生物行为组织、心电图和呼吸指标进行25小时的评估后，记录了10分钟的心电图和呼吸指标。这使得我们能够在具有挑战性的情况下评估心率和呼吸性窦性心律不齐（RSA，一种副交感神经活动指标）。与在不受限社会环境中长大的幼崽相比，在受限社会环境中长大的3至4个月大的幼崽心率明显更高，RSA更低，这与对该程序更强烈的应激反应一致。这些结果与越来越多的证据一致，即个体成长的环境对情感处理有重要影响。
