Schwendel Brigitte H, Wester Timothy J, Morel Patrick C H, Fong Bertram, Tavendale Michael H, Deadman Craig, Shadbolt Nicola M, Otter Don E
Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
Food Chem. 2017 Aug 15;229:805-813. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.104. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
Perceptions of production methods for organic and conventional milk are changing, with consumers prepared to pay premium prices for milk from either certified organic or conventional grass-fed cows. Our study investigated whether chemical composition differed between milk produced by these two farming systems. Sampling was conducted on two farms sets, each comprised of one organic and one conventional farm. All farms applied year-round pasture grazing. Milk samples were collected throughout the milking season and analysed for free oligosaccharides, fatty acids, major casein and whey proteins, and milk fat volatiles. Fatty acids were influenced by breed and fertilizer application. Oligosaccharides differed between farming systems, with causes presently unknown, while farm set was the dominant influence factor on protein composition. Factors identified in this study influencing milk composition are not exclusive to either farming system, and pasture feeding conventional cows will remove differences previously reported for organic and conventionally produced milk.
消费者对有机牛奶和传统牛奶生产方式的认知正在发生变化，他们愿意为来自认证有机奶牛或传统草饲奶牛的牛奶支付高价。我们的研究调查了这两种养殖系统生产的牛奶在化学成分上是否存在差异。在两组农场进行了采样，每组包括一个有机农场和一个传统农场。所有农场全年都采用牧场放牧。在整个挤奶季节收集牛奶样本，并分析其中的游离寡糖、脂肪酸、主要酪蛋白和乳清蛋白以及乳脂肪挥发物。脂肪酸受品种和肥料施用的影响。寡糖在不同养殖系统之间存在差异，原因目前尚不清楚，而农场组是蛋白质组成的主要影响因素。本研究中确定的影响牛奶成分的因素并非特定于某一种养殖系统，用牧场喂养传统奶牛将消除先前报道的有机牛奶和传统生产牛奶之间的差异。
