Ram-Tiktin Efrat
Bioethics. 2017 Jul;31(6):467-475. doi: 10.1111/bioe.12352. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
Natural disasters in populated areas may result in massive casualties and extensive destruction of infrastructure. Humanitarian aid delegations may have to cope with the complicated issue of patient prioritization under conditions of severe resource scarcity. A triage model, consisting of five principles, is proposed for the prioritization of patients, and it is argued that rational and reasonable agents would agree upon them. The Israel Defense Force's humanitarian mission to Haiti following the 2010 earthquake serves as a case study for the various considerations taken into account when designing the ethical-clinical policy of field hospitals. The discussion focuses on three applications: the decision to include an intensive care unit, the decision to include obstetrics and neonatal units, and the treatment policy for compound fractures.
人口密集地区的自然灾害可能会导致大量人员伤亡和基础设施的广泛破坏。人道主义援助代表团可能不得不在资源严重匮乏的情况下应对患者优先级这一复杂问题。本文提出了一个由五项原则组成的分诊模型，用于确定患者的优先级，并认为理性的主体会认同这些原则。2010年海地地震后以色列国防军的人道主义救援行动可作为一个案例研究，以考量野战医院在制定伦理临床政策时的各种因素。讨论集中在三个应用方面：设立重症监护病房的决策、设立产科和新生儿病房的决策以及复合骨折的治疗政策。
