Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60608; email:
Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003.
Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2017 May 8;13:123-147. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045234. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
Schools have long been the primary setting for children's mental health services but have neither the resources nor the expertise to manage these services independently. The critical importance of school success for children's adjustment provides a strong rationale for schooling as an essential component of children's mental health services. In this article, we review evidence for how schooling and mental health coalesce, suggesting an alignment of school and community mental health resources that prioritizes successful schooling as a key mental health outcome. We describe collaborative principles and ecological practices that advance a public health focus on children's mental health while also reducing the burden on schools to maintain mental health services. We close with a model of mental health services illustrating these principles and practices in high-poverty urban schools and propose future directions for research and practice to promote positive mental health for all children and youth.
学校长期以来一直是儿童心理健康服务的主要场所，但既没有资源也没有专业知识来独立管理这些服务。学校教育对儿童适应的至关重要性为将学校教育作为儿童心理健康服务的一个重要组成部分提供了强有力的理由。在本文中，我们回顾了学校教育和心理健康相互融合的证据，提出了一种将学校和社区精神卫生资源进行整合的方法，将成功的学校教育作为心理健康的关键结果。我们描述了合作原则和生态实践，以推进以公共卫生为重点的儿童心理健康，同时减轻学校维持精神卫生服务的负担。最后，我们提出了心理健康服务模式，说明了这些原则和实践在贫困城市学校中的应用，并为促进所有儿童和青少年的积极心理健康提出了未来的研究和实践方向。
