Maridor Mathieu, Ruch Simon, Bangerter Adrian, Emery Véronique
a Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology , University of Neuchâtel , Neuchâtel , Switzerland.
b Department of Psychology , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland.
J Health Commun. 2017 May;22(5):386-394. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2017.1296509. Epub 2017 Apr 4.
Nurses generally show low compliance with vaccination recommendations. We assessed whether low vaccine acceptance is due to skeptical attitudes toward emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). Skepticism toward EIDs manifests as doubts about the real threat of emerging diseases and as distrust in the motives and the competence of institutions that fight these diseases. We performed a cross-sectional questionnaire study in 293 Swiss nurses using a newly developed scale to assess skepticism toward EIDs. Skepticism affected nurses' intentions to vaccinate themselves against seasonal influenza and against possible future pandemic influenza. The influence of skepticism persisted after controlling for other factors that are known to determine nurses' vaccination behavior, namely vaccination habits, feeling at risk of catching influenza, and perceiving vaccination as a professional duty. Skeptical attitudes toward EIDs seem to have a unique and hitherto ignored impact on vaccination intentions. Nurses' vaccine acceptance could be increased if vaccination campaigns specifically target skeptical attitudes toward EIDs. These campaigns should address nurses' doubts about the real threat of EIDs and should rebuild their trust in institutions which fight these diseases.
护士通常对疫苗接种建议的依从性较低。我们评估了疫苗接受度低是否是由于对新发传染病（EIDs）持怀疑态度所致。对新发传染病的怀疑表现为对新发疾病实际威胁的怀疑，以及对防控这些疾病的机构的动机和能力的不信任。我们使用新开发的量表对293名瑞士护士进行了横断面问卷调查，以评估对新发传染病的怀疑态度。怀疑态度影响了护士接种季节性流感疫苗以及未来可能的大流行性流感疫苗的意愿。在控制了其他已知决定护士疫苗接种行为的因素后，即接种习惯、感觉有感染流感的风险以及将接种视为职业责任，怀疑态度的影响依然存在。对新发传染病的怀疑态度似乎对疫苗接种意愿有着独特且迄今被忽视的影响。如果疫苗接种运动专门针对对新发传染病的怀疑态度，护士的疫苗接受度可能会提高。这些运动应解决护士对新发传染病实际威胁的疑虑，并重建他们对防控这些疾病的机构的信任。
